The English system Maglen, Krista
2016., 20160516, 2016, 2014, 2016-05-16
eBook
The English System is a history of port health and immigration at a critical moment of transformation at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century. During the later nineteenth ...century, British public health officials transformed the medieval quarantine system into a novel 'English System' of surveillance to control the introduction of infectious disease. This removed the much maligned hindrances of quarantine to high-speed international commerce and for maritime traffic through Britain's ports. At the same time, calls were made to restrict the arrival of increasing numbers of European immigrants and transmigrants. This book explores the tensions and transition in the regulation of port health from a paradigm focused on the origin of disease to one which converged on the origin of the diseased.
More than ten million children suffer from severe acute malnutrition globally each year. In Uganda, longstanding efforts to understand, treat, and then prevent the condition initially served to ...medicalize it, in the eyes of both biomedical personnel and Ugandans who brought their children to the hospital for treatment and care.
Substantially revised and updated, the sixth edition of this classic book continues to define healthy ageing by illustrating how to prevent disease and make large-scale improvements towards health ...and wellness.
Searching for Health Informationreviews the research on the process of seeking health information and contributes to that literature by analyzing the largest available database on ...health-information-seeking behavior, the Cancer Information Service (CIS), a referral service sponsored by the National Cancer Institute. But the book is not only about CIS. Vicki S. Freimuth, Judith A. Stein, and Thomas J. Kean describe the general context in which people search for health information about a variety of diseases and other health concerns. They then present a theoretical overview of the nature of information and the way people search for it. By analyzing data obtained from more than a million calls to CIS over a four-year period and by studying follow-up surveys of over 7500 of these callers, the authors contribute to our understanding of the process of information seeking.
The communication of health information is increasingly important, and this book breaks new ground in its analysis of one successful system.
To assess weight and HbA
changes in the Healthier You: National Health Service Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS DPP), the largest DPP globally to achieve universal population coverage.
A service ...evaluation assessed intervention effectiveness for adults with nondiabetic hyperglycemia (HbA
42-47 mmol/mol 6.0-6.4% or fasting plasma glucose 5.5-6.9 mmol/L) between program launch in June 2016 and December 2018, using prospectively collected, national service-level data in England.
By December 2018, 324,699 people had been referred, 152,294 had attended the initial assessment, and 96,442 had attended at least 1 of 13 group-based intervention sessions. Allowing sufficient time to elapse, 53% attended an initial assessment, 36% attended at least one group-based session, and 19% completed the intervention (attended >60% of sessions). Of the 32,665 who attended at least one intervention session and had sufficient time to finish, 17,252 (53%) completed: intention-to-treat analyses demonstrated a mean weight loss of 2.3 kg (95% CI 2.2, 2.3) and an HbA
reduction of 1.26 mmol/mol (1.20, 1.31) (0.12% 0.11, 0.12); completer analysis demonstrated a mean weight loss of 3.3 kg (3.2, 3.4) and an HbA
reduction of 2.04 mmol/mol (1.96, 2.12) (0.19% 0.18, 0.19). Younger age, female sex, Asian and black ethnicity, lower socioeconomic status, and normal baseline BMI were associated with less weight loss. Older age, female sex, black ethnicity, lower socioeconomic status, and baseline overweight and obesity were associated with a smaller HbA
reduction.
Reductions in weight and HbA
compare favorably with those reported in recent meta-analyses of pragmatic studies and suggest likely future reductions in participant type 2 diabetes incidence.
Le trachome, infection oculaire pouvant entraîner la cécité, touche plus de 80 millions d’individus dans le monde. Encore présent avant la Première Guerre mondiale dans les pays européens, il en a ...disparu grâce au développement socio-économique. Sa persistance dans les régions les plus pauvres du globe peut être considérée comme un stigmate de la pauvreté. Pourtant cette maladie, première cause de cécité d’origine infectieuse dans le monde, peut être prévenue et traitée à l’aide d’un certain nombre de mesures de santé publique. Des actions d’envergure ont ainsi été entreprises depuis une dizaine d’années au niveau mondial sous l’égide de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé, avec l’ambition d’éliminer le trachome cécitant d’ici l’an 2020. Les mesures médicales et chirurgicales mises en œuvre sont associées à des campagnes éducatives et sanitaires visant à améliorer l’hygiène et l’environnement. Cet ouvrage retrace l’histoire du trachome et offre une synthèse des connaissances actuelles. Il fait le point sur les déterminants biologiques et sociaux de cette maladie complexe, expose les différentes composantes de la stratégie de lutte et présente les données épidémiologiques les plus récentes concernant l’Afrique subsaharienne, région du monde particulièrement touchée. À la fois documenté et pédagogique, l’ouvrage dresse le bilan d’une maladie qui reste un important problème de santé publique dans les pays du Sud.
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Home-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention (HBPP) and cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) programs which occupied ...a small proportion of the overall Preventive Cardiology work in the past have become mainstream during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Purpose
This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of a home-based CVD prevention program implemented during the pandemic in India.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on pre-pandemic and pandemic enrolees. Health behaviour, CVD risk factors, physical and mental component score (PCS, MCS) from SF-12 questionnaire, body mass index (BMI), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), and clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed. A multidisciplinary team consisting of Physician, Physiotherapist, Dietician and Counselling Psychologist provided the program using tele-health platforms.
Results
Of the 66 subjects (55 ± 13 years, 73% male), 17 (26%) enrolled pre-pandemic and 49 (74%) enrolled during-pandemic, 28 (42%) were HBPP and 38 (58%) were HBCR participants. Majority of the subjects (n = 51, 77%), with significantly more HBCR than HBPP participants, harboured 4 or more risk factors (p = 0.04). In the 60 (91%) program completers, BMI, 6MWD, PCS and MCS had improved significantly. SBP, DBP, LVEF, HbA1c, total cholesterol and LDL had improved significantly in affected subjects. Completely home-based participants (n = 44, 67%) who never had any in-person contact with the team during the program also showed significant improvement. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion
Comprehensive home-based CVD prevention programs are effective in improving anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and psychosocial parameters, are a safe alternative to conventional programs and could potentially become the standard-of-care in the post-pandemic era. Abstract Figure. Outcomes in program participants Abstract Figure. Management of ACS in participants
PDF
