Globalizace, která se často předkládá jako objektivní nevyhnutelnost, umožňuje import kdysi vzdálené náboženské jinakosti islámu do konzumní západní společnosti, která si sama prošla problematickou ...sekularizací. 20. století, které se se sekularizací vyrovnávalo ideologickými náhražkami křesťanství (nebo jeho naprostou negací) v podobě marxleninismu nebo německého wotanského nacismu, by mělo být pro Evropana poučnou zkušeností, že ne vždy kategorické zavrhování starých řádů má za následek emancipaci člověka od panského útlaku a příchod lepších časů. Za užitečné lze považovat znalost tzv. psychologických háčků, což jsou právě faktory, na které se propaganda soustředí, jedná se zejména o prostá řešení určitých druhů frustrací, ale i tzv. praktickou metapolitiku, kdy nenápadnou formou a prostřednictvím běžných aktivit (sport, hudba a obecně volnočasové aktivity) se získává mládež pro další protopolitické či politické cíle. Michal Ševcík Helianthus - Institut pro kulturu a vzdělávání, z. s. Informace o autorovi recenze Mgr. Michal Ševčík je statutárním zástupcem spolku Helianthus - Institutu pro kulturu a vzdělávání.
El pasado proceso electoral fue importante en este tema, pues son las primeras ciones que llevan a cabo después de las más recientes reformas aprobadas en abril de 2020, en las que se incluye por ...primera vez, entre otros cambios, una misma definición de VPG en las normas que regulan los procesos electorales en nuestro país, la cual permite proceder legalmente en contra de quien la ejerza, sin importar si los actos de violencia ocurren a nivel local o federal. Violencia política en razón de género De acuerdo con la Ley General de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia1, por violencia política de género podemos entender toda acción u omisión tanto en la esfera pública o privada, que tenga como objetivo o resultado limitar, anular o menoscabar el ejercicio de los derechos político electorales de una o varias mujeres, el acceso al ejercicio de un cargo, labor o actividad, el libre desarrollo de la función pública, la toma de decisiones, la libertad de organización o bien el acceso y ejercicio a las prerrogativas cuando se trate de precandidaturas, candidaturas, funciones o cargos públicos del mismo tipo. La violencia también puede ser ejercida hacia terceros, es decir, dirigida hacia las familias de aquellas mujeres que ejercen un cargo público o deciden contender por él, a manera de chantaje para que renuncien o actúen de acuerdo con los intereses de quien las intimida. Para este último supuesto está el ejemplo de Lía Limón, candidata de la Alianza Va por México (PAN, PRI y PRD) a la alcaldía de Álvaro Obregón, quien interpuso una denuncia luego de que un medio de comunicación mostrara un video donde presunto personal de la alcaldía de Álvaro Obregón cubría con pintura blan1 ca una de las bardas con propaganda del prd, y en otro publicado en redes sociales, se veía a los mismos jóvenes retirando publicidad de la candidata3.
Only weeks after the D-Day invasion of June 6, 1944, a surprising cargo—crates of books—joined the flood of troop reinforcements, weapons and ammunition, food, and medicine onto Normandy beaches. The ...books were destined for French bookshops, to be followed by millions more American books (in translation but also in English) ultimately distributed throughout Europe and the rest of the world. The British were doing similar work, which was uneasily coordinated with that of the Americans within the Psychological Warfare Division of General Eisenhower's Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, under General Eisenhower's command. Books As Weapons tells the little-known story of the vital partnership between American book publishers and the U.S. government to put carefully selected recent books highlighting American history and values into the hands of civilians liberated from Axis forces. The government desired to use books to help disintoxicate the minds of these people from the Nazi and Japanese propaganda and censorship machines and to win their friendship. This objective dovetailed perfectly with U.S. publishers' ambitions to find new profits in international markets, which had been dominated by Britain, France, and Germany before their book trades were devastated by the war. Key figures on both the trade and government sides of the program considered books the most enduring propaganda of all and thus effective weapons in the war of ideas, both during the war and afterward, when the Soviet Union flexed its military might and demonstrated its propaganda savvy. Seldom have books been charged with greater responsibility or imbued with more significance. John B. Hench leavens this fully international account of the programs with fascinating vignettes set in the war rooms of Washington and London, publishers' offices throughout the world, and the jeeps in which information officers drove over bomb-rutted roads to bring the books to people who were hungering for them. Books as Weapons provides context for continuing debates about the relationship between government and private enterprise and the image of the United States abroad. To see an interview with John Hench conducted by C-SPAN at the 2010 annual conference of the Organization of American Historians, visit: <a href=http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/id/222522>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/id/222522 .
No ha sido frecuente, sin embargo, estudiar a un «otro» que nada tuviera que ver con el tradicional «nosotros». Sin llegar a consideraciones apocalípticas, mirar al pasado con un ojo puesto en el ...presente, como nos invita este libro, no deja de ser un saludable objetivo en el que la racionalidad, tan cuestionada, se convierta en guía para la reflexión, es decir, para la crítica, es decir, para el pensamiento. En definitiva, la figura del mártir sería una construcción cultural articulada en torno a cuatro perfiles: organicismo -subordinación del individuo al todo social-, binarismo -dicotomías absolutas, en torno al eje bien-mal-, imperfección -constatar la distancia entre la corrupción del presente y la perfección futura- y ductilidad -aunque imperfecto, el ser humano se puede moldear y reconducir, tanto individualmente como en la colectividad- (pp. 31-40). Pero incluso más allá de estos dos argumentos, resultan de especial interés sus reflexiones sobre el totalitarismo, al que define, weberianamente, como «un tipo ideal para referirse a aquella forma de dominación que lamina el pluralismo
De mentiras y franquistas. Historias de la dictadura Colombri, José Antonio Abreu
Espacio, tiempo y forma. revista de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia / Serie 5, Historia contemporánea,
01/2021
33
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
La ruptura de prejuicios suponía un grave riesgo durante el franquismo, pero Colsada siempre estableció contrapesos ideológicos muy fuertes, sus afecciones al franquismo siempre fueron ...incuestionables. La programación radiofónica se llenó de este tipo de mensajes, ya que las tereas del hogar eran muy compatibles con el acto de escuchar la radio: «... En la parte final, se hace mención al sistema de los «dos rombos» en la televisión pública, para prevenir de posibles programaciones con los estándares morales rebajados. En la parte final del capítulo se toca una gran cantidad de temas. La memoria mantiene una relación flexible con la veracidad de lo evocado, que tiende a ser parcial y hasta anecdótico porque no precisa de la argumentación ni de la causalidad ... el relato del pasado que nos facilita la memoria suele estar demasiado condicionado por las circunstancias del presente. El pasado nunca deja de ser una dimensión de este último. ...» (página 369).
The Portuguese-style artistic sidewalk, in the continuity of a tradition that dates back to the mid-19th century, would be one of the scenic elements integrated in the great event of the 1940s, which ...was the Exhibition of the Portuguese World. The best pavers are called for this event, not only to elaborate the designs that Cottinelli Telmo would project for part of the pavements of this exhibition, as well as to demonstrate, within the spirit of a popular culture that took root, the distinction of paving mastery within a working class that left a mark with a certain stamp, also artistic to the taste of the regime. In this way, the Estado Novo was valuing the legacy of a past, where generations bent on placing stones on the ground, either on the roads or on sidewalks, which in this way showed again, in order to leave a "mark" of identity and political legitimation according to the iconography of the Estado Novo. Although anonymous, these artisans would come to leave a personal stamp of a popular nature among the stones. They are marks of a certain intrinsic eruditism of an art of manipulating the stone that has been perfected. In this work, we try to identify some of the signs of strategy and valorization of popular art used by the Estado Novo and which would mark and drive the development of the paving process on the Portuguese artistic sidewalk, which would have its heyday at the Portuguese World. We also seek in this research study, to raise this theme to understand a subject that has been somewhat neglected, both in its dimension as popular culture, as an adjunct to the artistic element, the pavement in artistic sidewalk in the urban environment and also as an element of an art that expresses itself in public. In turn, we focus here on this exhibition promoted by the Estado Novo, because it is here that we find material that has not been deepened and to understand how the State itself ends up taking over a popular culture to pass its propaganda on a scale and dimension never before seen. A calcada artistica a portuguesa, na continuidade de uma tradicao que vinha ja dos meados do seculo XIX, seria um dos elementos cenicos integrados no grande evento da decada de 1940, que foi a Exposicao do Mundo Portugues. Os melhores calceteiros sao chamados para este evento, nao so para elaborar os desenhos que Cottinelli Telmo projetaria para parte dos pavimentos desta exposicao, bem como para demostrar, dentro do espirito de uma cultura popular que se enraizava, a distincao da mestria do calcetamento dentro de uma classe operaria que deixava uma marca com um certo cunho, tambem artistico ao gosto do regime. Estava desta forma o Estado Novo a valorizar o legado de um passado, onde geracoes se debrucaram a colocar pedras no chao, quer das estradas ou dos passeios, que deste modo, voltava a dar mostras, de forma a de deixar uma "marca" de identidade e legitimacao politica ao gosto da iconografia do Estado Novo. Embora anonimos, estes artesaos viriam a deixaria um cunho pessoal de de cariz popular no meio das pedras. Sao marcas de um certo eruditismo intrinseco de uma arte de manipular a pedra que se foi aperfeicoando. Neste trabalho, procuramos assim, identificar alguns dos sinais de estrategia e valorizacao de uma arte popular aproveitada pelo Estado Novo e que viria a marcar e impulsionar o desenvolvimento do processo de pavimentacao na calcada artistica a portuguesa, no qual teria o seu apogeu na Exposicao do Mundo Portugues. Procuramos ainda neste estudo de investigacao, elevar este tema para a compreensao de uma materia que tem sido de alguma forma menosprezada, quer na sua dimensao enquanto cultura popular, como coadjuvante de elemento artistico, a pavimentacao em calcada artistica no meio urbano e tambem como elemento de uma arte que se expressa em publico. Por sua vez, centramo-nos aqui nesta exposicao promovida pelo Estado Novo, pois e aqui que encontramos materia que nao foi aprofundada e de perceber como o proprio Estado acaba por se apoderar de uma cultura popular para passar a sua propaganda numa escala e dimensao nunca antes vista.
Following the formation of the German National Socialist Party in the 1920s, various forms of sound (popular music, voice, noise and silence) and media technology (radio and loudspeaker systems) were ...configured as useful to the party's political programme. Focusing on the urban "soundscape" of Düsseldorf, the author makes a persuasive case for investigating such sound events and technological devices in their specific contexts of production and reception. Nazi Soundscapes identifies strategies for controlling space and reworking identity patterns, but also the ongoing difficulties in manipulating mediated sounds and the spaces of listening reception, whether in the home, workplace, the cinema, public rituals or with wartime siren systems. The study revises visualist notions of social control, and reveals the disciplinary functions of listening (as eavesdropping) as well as the sonic dimensions to exclusion and violence during Nazism. An essential title for everyone interested in the links between German political culture, audiovisual media and urban history, Nazi Soundscapes provides a fascinating analysis of the cultural significance of sound between the 1920s and early 1940s. Click "http://soundclips.humanities.uva.nl/">here for the sound clips discussed in the book. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
Passing, Posing, Persuasion interrogates the intersections
between cultural production, identity, and persuasive messaging
that idealized inclusion and unity across Japan's East Asian empire
...(1895-1945). Japanese propagandists drew on a pan-Asian rhetoric
that sought to persuade colonial subjects to identify with the
empire while simultaneously maintaining the distinctions that
subjugated them and marking their attempts to self-identify as
Japanese as inauthentic, illegitimate forms of "passing" or
"posing." Visions of inclusion encouraged assimilation but also
threatened to disrupt the very logic of imperialism itself: If
there was no immutable difference between Taiwanese and Japanese
subjects, for example, then what justified the subordination of the
former to the latter? The chapters emphasize the plurality and
heterogeneity of empire, together with the contradictions and
tensions of its ideologies of race, nation, and ethnicity. The
paradoxes of passing, posing, and persuasion opened up unique
opportunities for colonial contestation and negotiation in the
arenas of cultural production, including theater, fiction, film,
magazines, and other media of entertainment and propaganda consumed
by audiences in mainland Japan and its colonies. From Meiji
adaptations of Shakespeare and interwar mass media and colonial
fiction to wartime propaganda films, competing narratives sought to
shape how ambiguous identities were performed and read. All empires
necessarily engender multiple kinds of border crossings and
transgressions; in the case of Japan, the policing and blurring of
boundaries often pivoted on the outer markers of ethno-national
identification. This book showcases how actors-in multiple senses
of the word-from all parts of the empire were able to move in and
out of different performative identities, thus troubling its
ontological boundaries.
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