This book examines Arctic defense policy and military security from the perspective of all eight Arctic states. In light of climate change and melting ice in the Arctic Ocean, Canada, Russia, Denmark ...(Greenland), Norway and the United States, as well as Iceland, Sweden and Finland, are grappling with an emerging Arctic security paradigm. This volume brings together the world's most seasoned Arctic political-military experts from Europe and North America to analyze how Arctic nations are adapting their security postures to accommodate increased shipping, expanding naval presence, and energy and mineral development in the polar region. The book analyzes the ascent of Russia as the first 'Arctic superpower', the growing importance of polar security for NATO and the Nordic states, and the increasing role of Canada and the United States in the region.
Dramatic challenges face human civilization everywhere. Relations between human beings and their environment are in peril, with mounting threats to both biological diversity of life on earth and ...cultural diversity of human communities. The peoples of the Circumpolar Arctic are at the forefront of these challenges and lead the way in seeking meaningful responses. In Biocultural Diversity and Indigenous Ways of Knowing, Karim-Aly Kassam positions the Arctic and sub-Arctic as a homeland rather than simply as a frontier for resource exploitation. Kassam aims to empirically and theoretically illustrate the synthesis between the cultural and the biological, using human ecology as a conceptual and analytical lens. Drawing on research carried out in partnership with indigenous northern communities, three case studies illustrate that subsistence hunting and gathering are not relics of an earlier era but rather remain essential to both cultural diversity and to human survival. This book deals with contemporary issues such as climate change, Indigenous knowledge, and the impact of natural resource extraction. It is a narrative of community-based research, in the service of the communities for the benefit of the communities. It provides resource-based industry, policy makers, and students with an alternative way of engaging indigenous communities and transforming our perspective on conservation of ecological and cultural diversity.
Northern Lights against POPs tells the many-faceted scientific, policy, legal, and advocacy story that led to the Stockholm convention. Unique in its perspective, scope, and breadth, it reveals the ...key links among environmental and health science, international politics, advocacy, law, and global negotiations. Never before have public health concerns articulated by northern Indigenous peoples in Canada and throughout the circumpolar Arctic had such a direct impact on global policy-making. Authors show how research on POPs (persistent organic pollutants) in the Arctic from the mid-1980s influenced international negotiations and analyze the potential for the convention to be effective. Contributors include elected representatives, researchers, civil servants, Indigenous people who participated in the negotiations, and scientists who provided the compelling Arctic data that prompted the United Nations Environment Programme to sponsor negotiations. Contributors include David Anderson (Minister of the Environment, Canada); Nigel Bankes (University of Calgary); John Buccini (Consultant, former chair of the Global POPs Negotiations); Sheila Watt-Cloutier (Inuit Circumpolar Conference-Canada); Barry Commoner, Paul Woods Bartlett, Holger Eisl, Kimberly Couchot (Center for the Biology of Natural Systems, Queens College, City University of New York); Eric Dewailly (Laval University); David Downie (Director of Educational Partnerships, Columbia Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York); Terry Fenge (Inuit Circumpolar Conference-Canada); Henry Huntington (Consultant, Anchorage) and Michelle Sparck (Circumpolar Conservation Union, Washington, D.C.); Harriet Kuhnlein, Laurie Chan (Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, McGill University), and Olivier Receveur (formerly Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, McGill University); Lars-Otto Reiersen (Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Secretariat,Oslo); Henrik Selin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); David Stone, Russell Shearer (Northern Contaminants Program, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Canada); Klaus Topfer (Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme).
Regional well-being in the OECD Peiró-Palomino, Jesús
Journal of economic inequality,
06/2019, Letnik:
17, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper analyses convergence in well-being across 395 OECD regions in the period 2000–2014 using data from the Regional Well-being Dataset. It is widely known that well-being is a concept that ...goes far beyond income. However, whereas papers analysing convergence on income abound, the literature considering convergence in well-being is virtually nonexistent, especially at the regional level. Convergence is approached following the distribution dynamics technique and conditional density estimation (CDE), well-established data-driven methods that allow for the assessment of the shape and the time evolution of the kernel distribution of well-being. Moreover, the paper also assesses the role of a set of potential well-being determinants. Results show great disparities across the OECD regions, and no signs of convergence in the studied period. On the contrary, regions polarised into two clubs of low and high well-being, and country level factors explain in a large extent the observed tendencies.
The article analyzes the practice of implementing measures for the development of the digital economy in the regions of the Russian Federation. The authors considered the question of the variety of ...definitions of the digital economy, and concluded that the world Bank provides the most appropriate definition of the "digital economy" within the framework of the topic under study. This allowed the regions of Russia to be singled out among the key participants of the digital economy. Based on the results of the study, the authors concluded that there is a high involvement of Russian regions in the processes of digital transformation of the economy. At the same time, there is a delay in legal regulation of the ongoing processes: the implementation of the Federal project "Digital region" in 2020 was suspended, but the regions continued to actively develop digital solutions and apply digital technologies to solve economic and social problems.
O presente artigo busca, em termos gerais, evidenciar a atuação dos atores subnacionais no processo de integração regional sul-americana. Para isso, a priori será apresentado o conceito de ...paradiplomacia a fim de contextualizar o surgimento dos entes subnacionais no cenário internacional. Inclusive demonstrar como estes se inserem no processo de integração regional, em específico para o caso do Mercosul, expondo a formação de instituições voltadas para a inserção de interesses regionais em comum. Além disso, analisar o papel de cidades e províncias, argentinas e brasileiras, no processo integracionista.
As the ice around the Arctic landmass recedes, the territory is becoming a flashpoint in world affairs. New trade routes, cutting thousands of miles off journeys, are available, and the Arctic is ...thought to be home to enormous gas and oil reserves. The territorial lines are new and hazy. This book looks at how Russia deals with the outside world vis a vis the Arctic. Given Russia's recent bold foreign policy interventions, these are crucial issues and the realpolitik practiced by the Russian state is essential for understanding the Arctic's future.Here, Geir Honneland brings together decades of cutting-edge research - investigating the political contexts and international tensions surrounding Russia's actions. Honneland looks specifically at 'region-building' and environmental politics of fishing and climate change, on nuclear safety and nature preservation, and also analyses the diplomatic relations surrounding clashes with Norway and Canada, as well as at the governance of the Barents Sea. The Politics of the Arctic is a crucial addition to our understanding of contemporary International Relations concerning the Polar North.
In the absence of economic and demographic growth in most small and medium-sized towns outside the largest and major urban agglomerations of the Central Federal District, it is important to identify ...migrationally attractive municipalities, which, through the use of their competitive advantages, could become promising for the regions’ economic development in the near future. The purpose of this article is to identify migrationally attractive municipalities within the regions of the Central Federal District outside the regional centers. For this purpose, theoretical concepts of importance for explaining the migration attractiveness of territories have been studied, the dynamics of migration growth in the municipalities of the Central Federal District has been analyzed. The database of indicators for municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia in 2011-2016 serves as the initial data for analysis (Kalabikhina et al. 2019). As a result, the migrationally attractive municipalities beyond the regional centers are allocated in 50% of the regions of the Central Federal District.
Throughout the subchapter, the role of clusters as a modern tool for shaping the competitiveness of the regional economy is considered. It is shown that the cluster approach, in fact, combines ...several directions of the state policy - foreign economic, scientific and technology, sectoral. These policies intersect within individual territories and thus make it appropriate to apply the term “regional policy” to clusters. It is justified that cluster policy should be implemented in Ukraine, but it should not be uniform and universal. In regions with weak inter-sectoral links, poor transport infrastructure and underdeveloped social sphere, it is necessary to pay first of all attention to complex forecasts and complex development of the territory. In areas of new development such as the Black sea shelf, the reproductive approach should be used as a method of substantiating the decisions made. In order to introduce innovative technologies into the economy of the regions of the Ukrainian Black Sea region with low current and strategic competitiveness, it is advisable to stimulate the formation of interregional economic clusters, the core of which is located in stronger neighboring regions of innovative development. As part of this approach, the formation of separate links of inter-regional clusters capable of withstanding competition from the world market should be intensified in the problem regions. The theoretical preconditions of the cluster concept were considered, the preconditions for the clusters creation in the Ukrainian Black sea regions were analyzed. The cluster approach, as the main mechanism of implementation of the new industrial policy in Ukraine in the new conditions becomes e is presented.
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