The COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid and significant impact on mobility. One of the most important responses of countries worldwide to slow the spread of the pandemic is to restrict the movement of ...people, which has had a considerable effect on transport systems. However, the reduction of transport is not identical for all modes of transport: public transport has seen the greatest decline so far. Understanding urban modal share developments during a pandemic situation can help cities better prepare for transport management in the future.
•COVID-19 measures decreased mobility by half in Budapest, Hungary.•Modal share of public transport decreased dramatically due to COVID-19 measures.•Car usage increased to 65% from 43% in the modal share.•Bicycle usage saw the greatest growth rate by more than doubling its share in the modal share.•Bike sharing became more popular due to rapid measure, other mobility sharing systems saw lower than average decrease.
China's road transport sector is pursuing an early carbon peak and ensuing significant carbon reductions. By combining a comprehensive bottom-up model with Monte Carlo simulation, this study ...evaluates the achievement probabilities of carbon peak goals of China's road transport. The results indicate that without policy intervention, realizing carbon peaking before 2028 is likely to occur, whereas achieving a 20% of carbon reduction by 2035 is difficult, with a probability of approximately 15%. Delivering current policy targets is of no effect on bringing forward carbon peak time or expanding emission reductions, mainly due to the insufficiency of electrification rate targets. This study suggests increasing the electrification rate targets and employing real-world fuel efficiency values as the base for measuring policy compliance. Further actions are recommended, such as proposing a sales ban on high fuel consumption vehicles, imposing carbon taxes, and strengthening emphasis on the truck sector.
Display omitted
Changing Trends in Personal Vehicle Use Smirnov, Anton; Smolokurov, Evgeniy; Mazhazhikhov, Alim ...
Transportation research procedia (Online),
2023, Letnik:
68
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Even 50 years ago a personal car was an item of luxury and status, but in the future the situation began to change. At this time, the car is a necessary and quite affordable means of transportation ...for many people. Statistical observation in the last decade has shown that the number of cars in Russia has doubled - this has given rise to a lot of problems of a different nature, had a negative impact on the environment. However, with regard to personal vehicles, in recent years there has been a trend towards the refusal of an increasing number of people to purchase and use a personal car. This article examines the reasons that encourage people to abandon the use of personal vehicles, and also analyzes data on the problems associated with cars in an urban environment. The ways of solving these problems in favor of the development and improvement of public transport and alternative ways of using transport in the urban environment are given.
Road transport is one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution in urbanized areas. The volume of emissions from road transport has been increasing starting from 2013. This is mainly due to the ...condition of the transport infrastructure and control systems. Therefore, the development of evidence-based methods of increasing the efficiency of traffic management through the modernization of infrastructure facilities and control systems in problematic areas of the street and road network is crucial and of practical and theoretical interest. This paper analyzes problematic areas of the street and road network in a medium-sized city. The authors have made simulation models of an area of the street and road network on the basis of the discrete-event approach using a road traffic library. Measures to modernize this area are suggested. A computer experiment using a model with a changed configuration has shown that this area has a significant potential of improving traffic flow parameters and, therefore, reducing the environmental impact.
This study investigates carbon dioxide emissions from light-duty diesel trucks using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) and a global positioning system. Two LDDTs are selected for data ...collection, and a novel CO2 emission model is developed using deep learning techniques, specifically an LSTM architecture. The model is trained on PEMS data to predict CO2 emissions based on various factors such as vehicle specific power, speed, road slope, and acceleration. Results indicate significant effects of these variables on CO2 emission rates, with a strong positive correlation between vehicle speed, road slope, and CO2 emissions. CO2 emission rates substantially increase when vehicle acceleration exceeds five m/s. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting on-road CO2 emissions, with correlated factor (R2) values ranging from 0.986 to 0.990 and RMSE values ranging from 0.165 to 0.167. These findings have implications for developing strategies to mitigate emissions in the transportation sector.
Rapid growth of road vehicles, private vehicles in particular, has resulted in continuing growth in China's oil demand and imports, which has been widely accepted as a major factor effecting future ...oil availability and prices, and a major contributor to China's GHG emission increase. This paper is intended to analyze the future trends of energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector and to assess the effectiveness of possible reduction measures. A detailed model has been developed to derive a reliable historical trend of energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector between 2000 and 2005 and to project future trends. Two scenarios have been designed to describe the future strategies relating to the development of China's road transport sector. The ‘Business as Usual’ scenario is used as a baseline reference scenario, in which the government is assumed to do nothing to influence the long-term trends of road transport energy demand. The ‘Best Case’ scenario is considered to be the most optimized case where a series of available reduction measures such as private vehicle control, fuel economy regulation, promoting diesel and gas vehicles, fuel tax and biofuel promotion, are assumed to be implemented. Energy demand and GHG emissions in China's road transport sector up to 2030 are estimated in these two scenarios. The total reduction potentials in the ‘Best Case’ scenario and the relative reduction potentials of each measure have been estimated.
In this article, we analyse India's transport sector policy. The study examines the two important modes of transport, viz., road and rail, and analyses the efficiency of transport infrastructure from ...2011 to 2019. Through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we evaluate modes in terms of the capacity of registered road goods vehicles and railway goods wagons, truck km/train km and energy consumption and corresponding freight traffic. The analysis gives valuable insight into the fact that rail infrastructure is more efficient than road infrastructure. Still, current transport sector policies promote energy-intensive carbon-fuel road vehicles rather than energy-efficient alternative transport modes. The study suggests the changes that may be incorporated in inputs to improve the efficiency of the road infrastructure. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-Malmquist Index analysis reports the need for total factor productivity improvement in rail transport and the introduction of technological innovations in road and rail transport sector management. The study employs a well-to-wheel (WTW) based index to ascertain the energy consumed and pollutants emitted by freight-carrying road and rail modes between two leading business hubs of India, i.e., Ludhiana and Mumbai. The paper identifies policy gaps and suggests a holistic approach for need-based roadway investment and a time-bound development of railway infrastructure in India. Our study generates valuable implications for India's policy planners and government authorities and provides new insights to other countries.
•The study examines road and rail transport, and analyses the efficiency and energy consumption of these modes.•The study suggests the changes to improve the efficiency of the road infrastructure.•The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-Malmquist Index analysis and well-to-wheel (WTW) based index have been employed for the analysis.•The paper suggests a need-based roadway investment approach and a time-bound development of railway infrastructure.
Road transport is associated with high greenhouse gas emissions due to its current dependence on fossil fuels. In this regard, the implementation of alternative fuels such as hydrogen is expected to ...play a key role in decarbonising the transport system. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to the suitability of hydrogen production pathways as low-carbon solutions. In this work, an energy systems optimisation model for the prospective assessment of a national hydrogen production mix was upgraded in order to unveil the potential role of grey hydrogen from steam methane reforming (SMR) and blue hydrogen from SMR with CO2 capture and storage (CCS) in satisfying the hydrogen demanded by fuel cell electric vehicles in Spain from 2020 to 2050. This was done by including CCS retrofit of SMR plants in the energy systems model, as a potential strategy within the scope of the European Hydrogen Strategy. Considering three hypothetical years for banning hydrogen from fossil-based plants without CCS (2030, 2035, and 2040), it was found that SMR could satisfy the whole demand for hydrogen for road transport in the short term (2020–2030), while being substituted by water electrolysis in the medium-to-long term (2030–2050). Furthermore, this trend was found to be associated with an appropriate prospective behaviour in terms of carbon footprint.
Display omitted
•Updated energy systems model on hydrogen production for road transport (2020–2050)•Inclusion of steam methane reforming (SMR) retrofit with CO2 capture and storage (CCS)•SMR would satisfy the hydrogen demand in the short term.•Low-carbon hydrogen would be produced via electrolysis in the medium-to-long term.•Low sensitivity of the hydrogen production trends to alternative investment costs
The monograph focuses on the problems and prospects of development of the road transport complex on the basis of the integrated approach. In Ukraine, the road transport system is one of the priority ...ones. However, its priority status is reflected only in numerous regulations. In such conditions the necessity of realization of scientific achievements and practical recommendations of development of the road transport system as a whole is actualized. The integrated approach to financing, management, innovation, quality and security has been applied. In order to eliminate the regional imbalance in the development of the state, as an urgent measure, methodological principles of support for weak regions have been substantiated and developed, which envisages its implementation in the short term. It is proposed to determine the rating of the best educational institutions in the region on the basis of mathematical modeling. Relevant clusters of educational institutions of the region have been established and systematized, taking into account their sectoral significance, form of ownership, efficiency of state funding and the amount of own revenues. Methodological support for quality management of transport and logistics services has been developed, which includes a certain procedure and a set of appropriate methods for implementing this activity based on the application of the scenario approach and algorithmization of procedures for obtaining possible states of operation of modern transport and logistics sector objects. A set of functional subsystems of an enterprise by analogy with the systems of a living organism, the activity of which is interdependent, which ensures the stability of the «living organism» of the enterprise to the influence of external conditions has been formed. The process of determining and assessing the competencies of employees on the basis of the modern assessment technology «Assessment Center» has been formed. The program of development of corporate social responsibility at internal and external levels of implementation taking into account features of various groups of stakeholders is offered. The combined safety management system «behavior + transport status + infrastructure + permanent monitoring + post-accident services» is offered. The proposed theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of the development of the road transport system are of theoretical and practical interest to scientists, entrepreneurs and government agencies.
Adopting electric vehicles (EVs) is considered to be a critical strategy to achieve China's goals of reducing air pollutant emissions and reaching carbon neutrality. However, the effects of different ...EV and renewable electricity (RE) expansion scenarios on air pollutants and carbon emissions from China's road transport have rarely been comprehensively assessed. This study developed a highly disaggregated provincial level inventory for CO, NOX, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO2 emissions from China's road transport in 2020, using a bottom-up approach that considered crucial technical factors such as vehicle type, fuel type and vehicle age. This inventory was then used as a basis to analyse future emissions trajectories up to 2050 under various provincial and regional level EV and electricity development pathways. The results suggest that without changing the current electricity generation mix, rapidly growing EVs could aggravate air pollution in China by increasing NOX, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 emissions. The Chinese government's current targets for EV market shares can help achieve peak road transport CO2 emissions around 2030. However, if RE expansion is slow, then the EV targets would achieve only limited CO2, NOX, and CO emission reduction while increasing SO2, PM2.5, and PM10 emissions.
•Disaggregated analysis of air pollutant emissions from China's road transport.•Impact of future electrification of road vehicles on air emissions explored.•Combined effects of electric vehicles and renewable electricity quantified.
PDF
