This lecture aims to introduce the participants to the milestones of Rromani literature’s history from its beginnings until nowadays. The lecture will familiarize participants with the phenomenology ...of the Romani literature, covering its evolution, marked both by opportunities for development as well as obstacles. We will explore and briefly analyze works of Rromani literature, highlighting its main writers, but especially its main themes. Analyzing the main topics explored by the Romani literature (racism, tragic history, family, knowledge, dignity, beauty, nature, freedom, love, hope, hate, sense of home, ethnic identity, Rromanipen, self-representation, self-esteem, otherness, ethnic stigma, imprisonment, Slavery, Holocaust/o Samudaripen etc.) the lecture aims to discover, together with the learners, and every time in a different way, the Rromano ethos transfigured in literature. We will observe how Romani literature transcribes Rroma patterns of thinking, their views about the world and the multiple ways the Rromani literature approaches the relationship of the Rroma with themselves and with Otherness. The scope of this lecture is to demonstrate that the literary works carry and transmit to the reader, the interior lives and lived experience of the Roma as well as to underline Romani literature’s contribution to the development of what we can call the new or the modern Rromanipen.
Bavarlipe Roma Online University is an online educational platform where Roma and non-Roma can access knowledge about the Roma identity(ies), history(ies) and culture(s) thorough a collection of high-quality lectures delivered by leading Roma scholars on topics ranging from the Roma Holocaust to Roma cultural productions. In partnership with Central European University (CEU), this project is part of ERIAC’s Roma Cultural History Initiative financed by the German Federal Foreign Office (FFO).
The author analyzes the occurrences of the cult of Jupiter and Juno in the rural milieu of Moesia Inferior. He concludes that most of text which are related to this cult in the whole province come ...from the rural area. He is connecting the mentionning of this cult with the presence of communities of cives Romani consistentes and the Roman army in the villages of Moesia Inferior.
The present paper is trying to introduce the concept of marginal multilingualism as a form of multilingualism different from the elites' multilingualism. The concept fits for the Roma and for the ...immigrants' multilingualism. The Roma marginal multilingualism describes the current Roma linguistic abilities. In the EU after 2000, it is largely developed, also its roots are in their way of living as migrants in continuous interactions with people speaking different languages, in their history. It focused on the component languages and on the categories of speakers with marginal multilingualism' abilities. The paper assumes, that in the age of global communication, the Roma marginal multilingualism is to be minutely researched as a treasure of informal ways to easy pick up new languages and as a practical resource of multilingualism so needed in the global process eager for multilingual resources. Well-known the marginal multilingualism could be valorized as an European resource in the inclusion process, because the main role of the marginal multilingualism is to facilitate the linguistic interactions between new neighbors and to prevent the social misunderstandings.
They’re Saying That to Us? Sarah Werner Boada
Critical romani studies (Online),
11/2019, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Spanish state advertises itself internationally as a leading example of “Roma inclusion” and takes particular pride in its policy towards women from the Kalé minority, the main Romani group in ...Spain. This is reflected in a carefully deployed political communication that centres on the trope of the “empowered Gypsy woman” who will soon reach emancipation thanks to state-funded programmes. On the ground, however, Kalé women’s persistent social marginalisation is imputed on them, while antigypsyism remains unaddressed by institutions. This paper investigates the discursive strategies mobilised by institutional actors in order to rule out discussions on racism. Based on eight months of ethnographic observations as well as semi-structured interviews with professionals in Madrid, I argue that this occurs through a translation of feminist agendas, particularly on intimate partner violence (IPV), into discourses that stigmatise Kalé “culture” as intrinsically patriarchal while promoting a gadjo (non-Romani) norm. This phenomenon, which I refer to as “gadjo feminism,” manifests itself within the justice system, where professionals disproportionately resort to culturalist representations of IPV in Kalé communities, and also within NGO-piloted empowerment programmes for Kalé women which rely upon racial hierarchies while systematically dismissing women’s experiences of institutional racism.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to characterize the social and cultural context of the social construction of mental health (MH) by members of Romani communities in Ukraine.
...Design/methodology/approach
The research collected qualitative data to gain a better understanding of how Romani communities in Ukraine view the social and cultural factors influencing mental health. This paper analyzes data from focus groups in Romani communities in Ukraine (from six different oblasts) from February to March 2020. A total of 49 persons 19–75 years of age participated in the research, including 17 men and 32 women.
Findings
This study identifies four clusters of perceived social determinants of Romani mental health, these being employment, financial difficulties, level of education and discrimination. The findings indicate specific cultural characteristics of the Romani community that are seen as helping to support mental health. Family values, mutually supporting and referring to other members of the community are seen as especially important. Such social cohesion is believed to have a positive effect on the mental health of members of the Romani community. This paper discusses the implications of the study and suggests possible avenues for future data-driven policymaking in the area of mental health that take account of the culturally-specific meanings of mental health for these communities.
Originality/value
Given the significant gaps, shortages and, in some cases, complete lack of data on Romani ethnic and cross-cultural psychology, research is urgently needed to fill this gap. Lack of understandings of how Romani construct mental health can lead to badly-matched, misplaced or ineffective actions and distrust. This paper aims to support better understandings of Romani among MH service providers and enhancing the mutual engagement of Romani and MH services, supporting the broader agenda of social inclusion of Romani people.
Abstract
Background
The Roma are a European ethnic minority threatened by several recessive diseases.
Variants in
MANBA
cause a rare lysosomal storage disorder named beta-mannosidosis whose clinical ...manifestation includes deafness and mental retardation. Since 1986, only 23 patients with beta-mannosidosis and biallelic
MANBA
variants have been described worldwide.
Results
We now report on further 10 beta-mannosidosis patients of Roma origin from eight families in the Czech and Slovak Republics with hearing loss, mental retardation and homozygous pathogenic variants in
MANBA
.
MANBA
variant c.2158-2A>G screening among 345 anonymized normal hearing controls from Roma populations revealed a carrier/heterozygote frequency of 3.77%. This is about 925 times higher than the frequency of this variant in the gnomAD public database and classifies the c.2158-2A>G variant as a prevalent, ethnic-specific variant causing hearing loss and mental retardation in a homozygous state. The frequency of heterozygotes/carriers is similar to another pathogenic variant c.71G>A (p.W24*) in
GJB2
, regarded as the most frequent variant causing deafness in Roma populations.
Conlcusion
Beta-mannosidosis, due to a homozygous c.2158-2A>G
MANBA
variant, is an important and previously unknown cause of hearing loss and mental retardation among Central European Roma.
Except for the knowledge that the Roma people endure harsh conditions and are victims of discrimination, scarce criminological research has given detailed attention to further victimisation or ...offending among the Romanies. Identifying articles in the browsers Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google, we reviewed European publications (1997–2020) in English, French, Romanian or Spanish that addressed the Roma’s victimisation or offending. The 44 studies that matched our criteria suggested that (1) Roma people are victims of hate crimes with devastating consequences; (2) Roma children and women are victims of domestic violence to a greater degree than other groups, although the Roma tend to oppose violence against women; (3) forced early marriages exist among some Romanies and may cause serious problems in adulthood; (4) youth delinquency among the Roma does not differ from that of the non-Roma, although Roma adolescents face more deprivation; (5) Roma men and women are overrepresented in prison and face many difficulties in re-entering society once they are released and (6) there are organised criminal activities in some Roma groups that are supported by their community. Further rigorous post-positivist research, particularly quantitative, is needed to generalise the findings and replicate former studies. Areas of special interest are the causes of anti-Roma discrimination other than ethnicity, the victimisation of children, the Roma’s lack of institutional trust and the relation between victimisation and offending. Conducting comparisons with the general population is essential, and we propose that victims’ surveys and self-reported delinquency studies include questions on ethnicity.
This study aims to attempt to elucidate how a complex network of language ideologies affects the attitudes of the language community of the Roma in Slovakia towards Romani and how certain language ...ideologies lead to particular language practices depending on how they represent the interests of an individual (or a group). As language ideologies related to the Roma’s attitudes to Romani and their communication practices represent a complex system of interrelated ideologies, two language ideologies shall be defined as fundamental for the purposes of this study: the ideology of a minority language and the ideology of the language of a national minority. These two ideologies shall be understood as opposing each other. The ideology of a minority language carries negative connotations. It is characterized mainly by the view of Romani as an inferior language, which is shared by the majority population and consequently also by some members of the minority group. This ideology is related to accepting the absolute dominance of the official state language, the ideology of the harmfulness of bilingualism, and the ideology of language assimilation. The ideology of the language of a national minority, on the other hand, has some positive connotations. It includes the ideology of a fully-fledged language, the ideology of the equality of all languages, the ideology of standard language, or the ideology of children’s right to education in their mother tongue. Both fundamental language ideologies are framed by the ideology of official language and the ideology of bilingualism, which acquire different manifestations in these systems.
Very little research has been done specifically on the condition of the Gypsy slaves in Wallachia. Most general histories ignore them, and few contemporary observers studied them. This is just one ...more sign of their discrimination and neglect. This study draws on the exhaustive nominal lists of the Romani population from the database MapRom which draws on the first preserved count of the population of Danubian principalities (1838). Many aspects of the rob-slave condition have been analysed, the household size, the socio-professional and juridical categories and the Gypsy owners, the degree to which the Gypsies in Wallachia were integrated into the majority population and the ethnic attitudes of the surrounding population, and a case study of formation of a Gypsy settlement.
As government welfare programming contracts and NGOs increasingly assume core aid functions, they must address a long-standing challenge—that people in need often belong to stigmatized groups. To ...study other-regarding behavior, we fielded an experiment through a text-to-give campaign in Greece. Donations did not increase with an appeal to the in-group (Greek child) relative to a control (child), but they were halved with reference to a stigmatized out-group (Roma child). An appeal to fundamental rights, a common advocacy strategy, did not reduce the generosity gap. Donations to all groups were lower near Roma communities and declined disproportionately for the Roma appeal. Qualitative research in 12 communities complements our experiment. We conclude that NGO fundraising strategies that narrowly emphasize either in-groups or out-groups, or fundamental rights language, may not be as effective as broader appeals, and we discuss implications for public goods provision in an era of growing nationalism.
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