Virus fitopatógenos en insectos asociados al ajo García-Rodríguez, Octavio Gustavo; Pérez-Moreno, Luis; Navarro-León, Martha Juana ...
Revista Chapingo. Serie horticultura,
08/2014, Letnik:
20, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
La propagación vegetativa del ajo (Allium sativum) es la principal vía de transmisión de virus para este cultivo. No obstante, no se debe descartar la dispersión por insectos vectores. El objetivo ...del presente estudio fue detectar, mediante la prueba de ELISA, la presencia de virus en insectos colectados en plantas de ajo. El experimento se llevó a cabo durante el ciclo Otoño-Invierno 2008-2009. La toma de muestras de insectos se realizó en tres fechas después de la siembra. La identificación de las especies de insectos se realizó utilizando un estereomicroscopio Zeiss de 30X y claves taxonómicas. La detección de virus fue mediante la técnica de DAS-ELISA para los potyvirus Virus del rayado amarillo del puerro (Leek yellow spot virus: LYSV) y Virus del enanismo amarillo de la cebolla (Onion yellow dwarf virus: OYDV); los carlavirus Virus latente común del ajo (Garlic common latent virus: GCLV) y Virus latente del chalote (Shallot latent virus: SLV); y el tospovirus Virus del manchado amarillo del iris (Iris yellow spot virus: IYSV). Se identificaron 19 especies de insectos, de los que destacaron Thrips tabaci Lindeman, como positivo en 18 muestras para GCLV y dos muestras para IYSV, y Collops quadrimaculatus, como positivo en una muestra para GCLV.
The Satellite Launch Vehicle electrical network, which is currently being developed in Brazil, is sub-divided for analysis in the following parts: Service Electrical Network, Controlling Electrical ...Network, Safety Electrical Network and Telemetry Electrical Network. During the pre-launching and launching phases, these electrical networks are associated electrically and mechanically to the structure of the vehicle. In order to succeed in the integration of these electrical networks it is necessary to employ techniques of electrical power distribution, which are proper to Launch Vehicle systems. This work presents the most important techniques to be considered in the characterization of the electrical power supply applied to Launch Vehicle systems. Such techniques are primarily designed to allow the electrical networks, when submitted to the single-phase fault to ground, to be able of keeping the power supply to the loads.
Razprava je posvečena 200-letnici rojstva Mihaila Ju. Lermontova in prinaša motivno tematski in idejni oris njegovega pesniškega ustvarjanja s posebnim ozirom na prehod iz romantičnega modeliranja ...sveta v realizem. Kot pomembno prelomnico v ustvarjanju izpostavi obdobje med zgodnjo in zrelo liriko, ki ga zaznamuje epikurejsko-frivolno ter opolzko, malodane pornografsko ustvarjanje - 'junkerske poeme' in pesnitev Mongo.
In the previous work (Akram and Rehman Numer. Algor.
62
527–540
2013
), Akram and Rehman presented the reproducing kernel method (RKM) for solving various eighth order boundary value problems. ...However, an effective error estimation for this method has not yet been discussed. This work is devoted to deal with this problem. Some other aspects of the RKM will be considered such as convergence analysis and numerical implementations.
Das neue unionale Datenschutzrecht ist, entgegen mancher Befürchtung, kein law of everything. Vielmehr müssen unterschiedliche Rechtsmaterien ineinandergreifen, um eine sachgerechte Regelungsstruktur ...im Schnittbereich von Datenschutzrecht und Privatrecht aufzubauen. Philipp Hacker bestimmt das Verhältnis dieser Rechtsmaterien, insbesondere von DS-GVO und BGB. Denn die Verschränkung unterschiedlicher Technologieformen fordert mehr denn je ein rechtsbereichsübergreifendes Verständnis von juristischer Dogmatik und ein interdisziplinär fundiertes Konzept von Regulierung. Auf Basis des geltenden Rechts entwirft er ein integriertes Marktordnungsrecht für digitale Austauschverhältnisse. Die Untersuchung schließt mit Reformperspektiven, die aufzeigen, wie die informierte Einwilligung durch eine technologische ersetzt werden kann, um eine privatautonome Gestaltung von Rechtsverhältnissen unter den Bedingungen der digitalen Wirtschaft zu ermöglichen. Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Wissenschaftspreis der Deutschen Stiftung für Recht und Informatik 2020 ausgezeichnet.
It is known that the implied volatility skew of Forex (FX) options demonstrates a stochastic behaviour which is called stochastic skew. In this paper, we create stochastic skew by assuming the ...spot/instantaneous variance (InV) correlation to be stochastic. Accordingly, we consider a class of Stochastic Local Volatility (SLV) models with stochastic correlation where all drivers - the spot, InV and their correlation - are modelled by processes. We assume all diffusion components to be fully correlated, as well as all jump components. A new fully implicit splitting finite-difference scheme is proposed for solving forward PIDE which is used when calibrating the model to market prices of the FX options with different strikes and maturities. The scheme is unconditionally stable, of second order of approximation in time and space, and achieves a linear complexity in each spatial direction. The results of simulation obtained by using this model demonstrate the capacity of the presented approach in modelling stochastic skew.
This paper obtains a searching least value (SLV) method for a class of fourth-order nonlinear boundary value problems is investigated. The argument is based on the reproducing kernel space
W
5
0
,
1
...
. The approximate solutions
u
n
(
x
)
and
u
n
(
k
)
(
x
)
are uniformly convergent to the exact solution
u
(
x
)
and
u
(
k
)
(
x
)
(
k
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
)
respectively. Numerical results are verified that the method is quite accurate and efficient for this kind of problem.
Earlier NMR studies showed that the polyisoprenols (PIs) dolichol (C95), dolichylphosphate (C95-P) and undecaprenylphosphate (C55-P) could alter membrane structure by inducing in the lamellar ...phospholipid (PL) bilayer a nonlamellar or hexagonal (HexII) structure. The destabilizing effect of C95 and C95-P on host fatty acyl chains was supported by small angle X-ray diffraction and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Our present 1H- and 31P-NMR studies show that the addition of a polyisoprenol recognition sequence (PIRS) peptide to nonlamellar membranes induced by the PIs can reverse the hexagonal structure phase back to a lamellar structure. This finding shows that the PI:PIRS docking complex can modulate the polymorphic phase transitions in PL membranes, a finding that may help us better understand how glycosyl carrier-linked sugar chains may traverse membranes. Using an energy-minimized molecular modeling approach, we also determined that the long axis of C95 in phosphatidylcholine (PC) membranes is oriented ∼ parallel to the interface of the lipid bilayer, and that the head and tail groups are positioned near the bilayer interior. In contrast, the phosphate head group of C95-P is anchored at the PC bilayer, and the angle between the long axis of C95-P and the bilayer interface is about 758, giving rise to a preferred conformation more perpendicular to the plane of the bilayer. Molecular modeling calculations further revealed that up to five PIRS peptides can bind cooperatively to a single PI molecule, and this tethered structure has the potential to form a membrane channel. If such a channel were to exist in biological membranes, it could be of functional importance in glycoconjugate translocation, a finding that has not been previously reported.
Vor knapp dreißig Jahren ist die Metapher „the dark sides of consumer behavior“ in die Konsumentenverhaltensforschung eingeführt worden. So setzen sich Konsumenten mit ihrem Verhalten manchmal ...wissend ins Unrecht, betrachten ihre Vergehen aber als "smarte Kavaliersdelikte". Zudem erliegen Menschen schädlichen Versuchungen und neigen zu Süchten. Schließlich agieren Verbraucher oft egoistischer oder weniger nachhaltig, als sie von sich selbst behaupten. Die Beiträge in diesem Buch knüpfen an dieses Generalthema an, widmen sich den dunklen Seiten und regen an, dass Nachfrager und Anbieter manche Verhaltensweisen überdenken und auch Gegenstrategien entwickeln sollten. Mit Beiträgen von Tilman Becker, Jonas Grauel, Andrea Gröppel-Klein, Rita Hagl-Kehl, Ludger Heidbrink, Stefan Hoffmann, Martin Klug, Jörn Lamla, Janina Loh, Kaspar Maase, Tobias Matzner, Julian Nida-Rümelin, Anja Spilski, Nathalie Weidenfeld, Marius Wuketich. About 30 years ago, the metaphor of ‘the dark sides of consumer behaviour’ was introduced in consumer behaviour research. Consumers sometimes knowingly place themselves in the wrong with their behaviour (as in the case of fraudulent returning of products, for example), but regard their misdemeanours as ‘smart peccadilloes’. In addition, people succumb to harmful temptations and tend towards addictions (e.g. in the form of gambling). Finally, consumers often act more selfishly (or less sustainably) than they claim to. The contributions in this book examine this general topic, address the dark sides of consumerism and encourage both consumers and companies to rethink some of their behaviour and also develop counter-strategies to it. With contributions by Tilman Becker, Jonas Grauel, Andrea Gröppel-Klein, Rita Hagl-Kehl, Ludger Heidbrink, Stefan Hoffmann, Martin Klug, Jörn Lamla, Janina Loh, Kaspar Maase, Tobias Matzner, Julian Nida-Rümelin, Anja Spilski, Nathalie Weidenfeld, Marius Wuketich.