Das Urheberrecht steckt in der Krise: Wir schützen immer mehr, wissen immer weniger warum und werden dabei insbesondere den Interessen kreativ-schöpferischer Werknutzer im digitalen Umfeld immer ...weniger gerecht. Der Ruf nach rechtstheoretischer Neuorientierung und einer grundlegenden Revision des Urheberrechts ist dementsprechend laut. Diese Arbeit widmet sich daher den Grundlagen und Gestaltungsoptionen urheberrechtlicher Regulierung im digitalen Zeitalter unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Nutzerschutzes. Zu diesem Zweck werden schwerpunktmäßig kollektivistisch-utilitaristische Rechtfertigungsansätze untersucht, sodass neben den in Kontinentaleuropa traditionell stärker verbreiteten individualistischen Begründungsansätzen primär ökonomietheoretische, demokratie- und kulturtheoretische Rechtfertigungsbemühungen gewürdigt werden. Aufbauend auf diesen rechtstheoretischen Überlegungen entwickelt der Verfasser ein eigenes Erklärungsmodell, auf dessen Grundlage sich das Urheberrecht im Allgemeinen und die von ihm propagierte Nutzerschutzdoktrin im Besonderen rechtfertigen lassen. Das Werk schließt mit konkreten materiell-rechtlichen Reformvorschlägen für ein stärker nutzerorientiertes Urheberrecht.
This paper presents a methodology based on Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm to perform trajectory optimization for generating reference trajectory of a four-stage Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV). ...For the generation of reference trajectory, suitable objective function has been formulated incorporating parameters and the contribution of these parameters in developing the objective function has been represented by assigning different weighting factors against the different parameters. Moreover, optimal selection of the setting of parameters has also been achieved by proper optimization of the weighting factors. Finally, a comparative study has been presented between the proposed DE based design and the existing GA based design.
Die Mitgliedstaaten der EU dürfen sich im Rahmen eines transparenten Vergabeverfahrens unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen sozialer Zuschlagskriterien bedienen. Zur Untermauerung dieser These schlägt ...die Arbeit einen Bogen zum Beihilfenrecht und zieht Lehren aus der Altmark-Rechtsprechung des EuGH zu Dienstleistungen von allgemeinem Interesse. Dazu stellt die Untersuchung Bezüge zu dem Querschnittsinstrument mainstreaming her und macht die EuGH-Rechtsprechung zu affirmative action-Maßnahmen fruchtbar. Sie widmet sich speziell dem Kriterium der Tariftreueverpflichtung und nimmt eine sorgfältige Verhältnismäßigkeitsprüfung sozialer Vergabekriterien als Instrument staatlicher Regulierung vor. Schließlich werden anhand der gefundenen Ergebnisse die neuen Vergaberichtlinien 2004/17/EG und 2004/18/EG untersucht.
Vector Processing is an efficient way to exploit data-parallel with wide data operations, which is widely employed by wireless baseband signal processing. However, wide data operations also cost much ...more power and lead to high power consumption especially for vector register file (VRF). To resolve this issue, firstly, we profiled the read/write characteristics of LTE baseband signal algorithms to VRF and found three facts exist: a lot of copy or movement operations are sourced from vector load/store, the occasions for concurrent access to all VRF read/write ports are little and a large number of short-lived values exists. Based on these observations, a buffer-aided VRF is presented to exploit these characteristics for low power. The experiment results show: The proposed buffer-aided VRF can effectively reduce the vector copy and movement cost comparing with general register file architectures and also achieve better power saving effects than similar buffering technologies. A reduction of 40.9% power dispassion over centralized VRF can be reached in register file level with negligible performance loss.
A novel trajectory optimization technique has been proposed in this paper to generate reference trajectory for Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV). For this purpose, a suitable objective function has been ...formulated subsuming parameters like height, velocity, injection angle and payload mass. The contribution of these parameters in evolving the objective function has been represented by assigning different weighting factors against the different parameters. Moreover, optimal selection of the setting of parameters has also been achieved by proper optimization of the weighting factors associated with the objective function. In the next step, an attempt has been made to optimize the objective function using the existing Differential Evolution (DE) scheme. As an enhancement of this work, a novel Self Adaptive Differential Evolution (SADE) algorithm has been proposed to optimize the trajectory in a more effective manner. Finally, a comparative study has been presented between the proposed SADE based design and the existing DE based design.
Effect of drought stress on seed germination of Prosopis farcta Sohrabi, S. (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (I. R. Iran). Faculty of Agriculture); Gherekhloo, J. (Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (I. R. Iran))
International Symposium: Current Trends in Plant Protection - Proceedings,
2012
Conference Proceeding
A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the effects of drought stress on Prosopis farcta seed germination indices. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design. The ...trial was arranged with seven treatments of osmotic potential and 3 replications at 35°C. The water potential of the germination substrates were conducted using PEG-6000 solutions (0,-2, -4, -6, - 8, -10 and -12 bar). The results indicated that P. farcta had resistance to drought stress. The germination percentage of this invasive weed was about 30% in -10 bar. Decreasing water absorption potential from 0 to -10 bars, significantly reduced germination percentage and rates of Syrian mesquite. Shoot and root length and SLV were high in 0 to -6 bars. Between water potential (0 to -10 bars) were not significant effect for seedling vigor index.
Effect of drought stress on seed germination of Prosopis farcta Sohrabi, S. (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (I. R. Iran). Faculty of Agriculture); Gherekhloo, J. (Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (I. R. Iran))
International Symposium: Current Trends in Plant Protection - Proceedings,
2012
Conference Proceeding
A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the effects of drought stress on Prosopis farcta seed germination indices. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design. The ...trial was arranged with seven treatments of osmotic potential and 3 replications at 35°C. The water potential of the germination substrates were conducted using PEG-6000 solutions (0,-2, -4, -6, - 8, -10 and -12 bar). The results indicated that P. farcta had resistance to drought stress. The germination percentage of this invasive weed was about 30% in -10 bar. Decreasing water absorption potential from 0 to -10 bars, significantly reduced germination percentage and rates of Syrian mesquite. Shoot and root length and SLV were high in 0 to -6 bars. Between water potential (0 to -10 bars) were not significant effect for seedling vigor index.
Necrosis of leaves was observed in the glabrous mutant (ICC 15566) of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). It was characterized by drying of leaflet margins to drying of complete leaflets of older ...leaves. The oldest leaves were the most affected and the intensity of necrosis decreased toward the apical meristem. A single recessive gene, designated nec, was found to govern the necrotic characteristic. The nec locus was linked to gl (glabrous shoots) with a map distance of 16 +/- 3 cM. The loci slv (simple leaves), mlv (multipinnate leaves), nlv (narrow leaflets), hg (prostrate growth habit), P (pink corolla), and shp (round seed shape) segregated independently of nec.
Disturbance observer proposed in this paper estimates the equivalent input disturbance and modifies control law to reject it. A reduced order observer is used to estimate disturbance from the ...input-output measurement when subject to large disturbance. Convergence of disturbance estimator is decided by the observer gain, which is selected through sufficient condition for stability. Simulation studies carried out on a satellite launch vehicle model has shown significant improvement on the response. The proposed controller has also shown enhanced disturbance rejection, when analyzed through frequency response of disturbance transfer function.
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