The process of employing modern technology in a consistent manner is what the researcher is interested in, and the psychological role of the sound effect in enhancing psychopathic representations in ...cinematic characters, which had a wide resonance in the field of cinematic films, and after the predominance of digital technology in the production of contemporary films, the sound effect has a higher efficiency And a good level of advanced aesthetic and dramatic expression in film employment, so many directors resorted to this type of films by using various new and advanced techniques and technological programs in their industry, since the traditional construction does not achieve the dazzling that the viewer desires. Accordingly, the researcher found that it is necessary to shed light on this topic due to its importance and research in it, so a title was chosen for it (the role of the sound effect to represent the psychopathic personality in the cinema), to include the methodological framework, defining the problem, its importance and the need for it, and defining the terms (sound effect, personality Psychopathy), and the theoretical framework included the first topic (the sound effect’s significance and concept),the second topic (the psychological dimension of the psychopathic personality in the cinema), and the third topic (the psychopathic personality from the sound semantics in the cinema), after that the researcher came out with a set of indicators that he adopted as tools for analyzing the sample And the framework concluded with previous studies. The analytical descriptive approach took its approach, and an intentional sample that meets the research objectives, the American movie (Schizophrenia SPILT), directed by M. Night Shyamalan, produced in 2016, and the researcher relied on the indicators provided for the theoretical framework to analyze the sample, and took the scene as a main analysis unit in the research, and it was produced the study a number of results and conclusions, then conclude the research with a list of sources and appendices
The present paper provides an overview of research concerning both acute and chronic effects of exposure to noise on children's cognitive performance. Experimental studies addressing the impact of ...acute exposure showed negative effects on speech perception and listening comprehension. These effects are more pronounced in children as compared to adults. Children with language or attention disorders and second-language learners are still more impaired than age-matched controls. Noise-induced disruption was also found for non-auditory tasks, i.e., serial recall of visually presented lists and reading. The impact of chronic exposure to noise was examined in quasi-experimental studies. Indoor noise and reverberation in classroom settings were found to be associated with poorer performance of the children in verbal tasks. Regarding chronic exposure to aircraft noise, studies consistently found that high exposure is associated with lower reading performance. Even though the reported effects are usually small in magnitude, and confounding variables were not always sufficiently controlled, policy makers responsible for noise abatement should be aware of the potential impact of environmental noise on children's development.
People believe most background sounds to disrupt their cognitive performance. An exception is music they like which is believed to improve cognitive performance. To examine the objective effects of ...music on cognitive performance, the serial-recall paradigm was used. Mozart's sonata K. 448 - the music piece used in classical studies on the Mozart effect - caused distraction. However, with ongoing exposure to the music participants were able to adapt to some degree to the distracting effect of the music under conditions that increased the predictability of the sounds, suggesting that the development of a predictive model of the unfolding auditory input helped to diminish distraction. Retrospective metacognitive judgements indicated that the more participants liked the music the more likely they were to judge that it had helped their performance. However, serial recall was disrupted by the music irrespective of whether the music was liked or not.
•Auditory-verbal serial recall performance tested in realistic open-plan office (OPO) acoustic simulations.•Irrelevant sound effect (ISE) higher with meaningful compared to foreign speech, implying a ...semantic effect.•Cognitive impairment higher in room acoustic conditions with lower sound absorption.•ISE largely invariant due to spatial separation of sound sources in OPO simulations.
The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) characterizes short-term memory performance impairment during irrelevant sounds relative to quiet. Irrelevant sound presentation in most laboratory-based ISE studies has been rather limited to represent complex scenarios including open-plan offices (OPOs) and not many studies have considered serial recall of heard information. This paper investigates ISE using an auditory-verbal serial recall task, wherein performance was evaluated for relevant factors in simulating OPO acoustics: the irrelevant sounds including the semanticity of speech, reproduction methods over headphones, and room acoustics. Results (Experiments 1 and 2) show that ISE was exhibited in most conditions with anechoic (irrelevant) nonspeech sounds with/without speech, but the effect was substantially higher with meaningful speech compared to foreign speech, suggesting a semantic effect. Performance differences in conditions with diotic and binaural reproductions were not statistically robust, suggesting limited role of spatial separation of sources. In Experiment 3, statistically robust ISE were exhibited for binaural room acoustic conditions with mid-frequency reverberation times, T30 (s) = 0.4, 0.8, 1.1, suggesting cognitive impairment regardless of sound absorption representative of OPOs. Performance differences in T30 = 0.4 s relative to T30 = 0.8 and 1.1 s conditions were statistically robust. This emphasizes the benefits for cognitive performance with increased sound absorption, reinforcing extant room acoustic design recommendations. Performance differences in T30 = 0.8 s vs. 1.1 s were not statistically robust. Collectively, these results suggest that certain findings from ISE studies with idiosyncratic acoustics may not translate well to complex OPO acoustic environments.
Driving behavior in a highway tunnel could be affected by external environmental factors like light, traffic flow, and acoustic environments, significantly when these factors suddenly change at the ...moment before and after entering a tunnel. It will cause tremendous physiological pressure on drivers because of the reduction of information and the narrow environment. The risks in driving behavior will increase, making drivers more vulnerable than driving on the regular highways. This research focuses on the usually neglected acoustic environment and its effect on drivers' physiological state and driving behavior. Based on the SIMLAB driving simulation platform of a highway tunnel, 45 drivers participated in the experiment. Five different sound scenarios were tested: original highway tunnel sound and a mix of it with four other sounds (slow music, fast music, voice prompt, and siren, respectively). The subjects' physiological state and driving behavior data were collected through heart rate variability (HRV) and electroencephalography (EEG). Also, vehicle operational data, including vehicle speed, steering wheel angle, brake pedal depth, and accelerator pedal depth, were collected. The results indicated that different sound scenarios in the highway tunnel showed significant differences in vehicle speed (
p
= 0.000, η
2
= 0.167) and steering wheel angle (
p
= 0.007, η
2
= 0.126). At the same time, they had no significant difference in HRV and EEG indicators. According to the results, slow music was the best kind of sound related to driving comfort, while the siren sound produced the strongest driver reaction in terms of mental alertness and stress level. The voice-prompt sound most likely caused driver fatigue and overload, but it was the most effective sound affecting safety. The subjective opinion of the drivers indicated that the best sound scenario for the overall experience was slow music (63%), followed by fast music (21%), original highway tunnel sound environment (13%), and voice-prompt sound (3%). The findings of this study will be valuable in improving acoustic environment quality and driving safety in highway tunnels.
Material sound effects are widely used in virtual reality and games to convey specific material sensations to the audience and improve the immersion experience. However, systematic research on ...parametrically controlling the material sensations evoked by sound effects is lacking. This study presents a new method of sound design regarding the control of parameters - pitch, waveform, attenuation time and artificial harmonics. The acoustic semantic experiments demonstrate that these sound effects can convey virtual material sensations with a 78% understanding rate with only auditory cues. This study can broaden our thinking regarding sound effects, music production and related disciplines .
•We tested if WMC is differentially related to changing-state and deviation effect.•WMC was neither correlated with the deviation nor with the changing-state effect.•No difference was found between ...these correlations.•There is no dissociation between deviation and changing-state effect.•The results support a unitary over a the duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction.
The duplex-mechanism account states that there are two fundamentally different types of auditory distraction. The disruption by a sequence of changing auditory distractors (the changing-state effect) is attributed to the obligatory processing of the to-be-ignored information, which automatically interferes with short-term memory. The disruption by a sequence with a single deviant auditory distractor (the deviation effect), in contrast, is attributed to attentional capture. This account predicts that working memory capacity (WMC) is differentially related to the changing-state effect and to the deviation effect: The changing-state effect is assumed to be immune to cognitive control and, thus, to be unrelated to WMC. The deviation effect, in contrast, is assumed to be open to cognitive control and, thus, to be negatively related to WMC. Despite several methodological improvements over previous studies (large sample sizes, a composite measure of WMC, and a direct statistical comparison of the correlations), there was no evidence of a dissociation between the changing-state effect and the deviation effect. WMC was unrelated both to the size of the changing-state effect and to the size of the deviation effect, irrespective of whether simple stimuli (letters, Experiments 1 and 3) or complex stimuli (words and sentences, Experiment 2) were used as auditory distractors. Furthermore, a cross-experimental analysis with a total sample of N=601 participants disconfirmed the idea that both types of auditory distraction show a differential relationship with WMC. Implications for models of auditory distraction are discussed.
Here, the authors present a novel interactive prototype system that enhances the effectiveness and ingenuity for sound designers to explore the sound effect library created by layering in ...multi-methods. They combine the explored methods of semantic keyword, acoustic feature, and layer relationship. In particular, the system visualises the layer relationship via circle pack, which facilitates the sound designers’ understanding on the components of the mixed sound effect by the designed layer and sourced layer. In order to evaluate the proposed method, they conduct a timing experiment along with a five-point Likert scale survey to analyse the searching efficiency, the user experience, and the interactive user behaviours. The studies performed by the authors show that the proposed system is capable of enhancing the sound designers’ ability for sound effects searching, thus creating new possible combination and design.
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