Dan je pregled osnovnih statističkih pokazatelja kožarsko-prerađivačke industrije. Kožarsko-prerađivačka industrija radno je intenzivna i izvozno usmjerena industrija koja zapošljava oko 10 000 ...ljudi. Uspoređujući statističke pokazatelje zadnjih 10 godina uočeno je da je ova industrijska grana imala najbolje pokazatelje 2015. godine prema broju zaposlenih i ukupnom prihodu u odnosu prema drugim godinama toga razdoblja. Razlog tome je nedostatak stručno obrazovane radne snage, ali i prirodni odljev, odnosno odlazak u mirovinu starijih zaposlenika te slabo motivirana mlađa populacija koja poslove traži u nekim bolje plaćenim industrijama ili pak u inozemstvu.
Zbog slučajeva poznatih svjetskih kriza koje su se dogodile u posljednjim desetljećima, forenzično računovodstvo sve više dobiva na važnosti. Sami sustavi internih kontrola i funkcije usklađenosti ...kao i interna i eksterna revizija su pokazali da nisu dovoljni za sprečavanje financijskih prijevara i lažiranja financijskih izvještaja. Forenzično računovodstvo postaje sve relevantnija disciplina koju karakteriziraju interdisciplinarna obilježja. Forenzični računovođe moraju razumjeti više od samih brojki, te su im potrebna šira znanja i vještine iz više različitih područja kako bi razumjeli širi kontekst različitih događaja. Forenzični računovođe, između ostalog, koriste znanja i vještine iz financijskog računovodstva, revizije, kontrolinga, statistike, prava i kriminalistike, psihologije. Cilj članka je sistematizirati i argumentirati interdisciplinarna obilježja forenzičnog računovodstva. U članku se koristi deskriptivna metoda kojom se istražuje interdisciplinarna obilježja forenzičnog računovodstva. Doprinos članka je sustavno sistematiziranje interdisciplinarnih obilježja forenzičnog računovodstva kroz utvrđivanje zajedničkih i razlikovnih obilježja s drugim financijskim i nefinancijskim disciplinama.
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Vladimíra Procházková- Literatura- ...All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Should we risk it? Kammen, Daniel M; Hassenzahl, David M
2018., 20180605, 1999
eBook
How dangerous is smoking? What are the risks of nuclear power or of climate change? What are the chances of dying on an airplane? More importantly, how do we use this information once we have it? The ...demand for risk analysts who are able to answer such questions has grown exponentially in recent years. Yet programs to train these analysts have not kept pace. In this book, Daniel Kammen and David Hassenzahl address that problem. They draw together, organize, and seek to unify previously disparate theories and methodologies connected with risk analysis for health, environmental, and technological problems. They also provide a rich variety of case studies and worked problems, meeting the growing need for an up-to-date book suitable for teaching and individual learning. The specific problems addressed in the book include order-of-magnitude estimation, dose-response calculations, exposure assessment, extrapolations and forecasts based on experimental or natural data, modeling and the problems of complexity in models, fault-tree analysis, managing and estimating uncertainty, and social theories of risk and risk communication. The authors cover basic and intermediate statistics, as well as Monte Carlo methods, Bayesian analysis, and various techniques of uncertainty and forecast evaluation. The volume's unique approach will appeal to a wide range of people in environmental science and studies, health care, and engineering, as well as to policy makers confronted by the increasing number of decisions requiring risk and cost/benefit analysis. Should We Risk It? will become a standard text in courses involving risk and decision analysis and in courses of applied statistics with a focus on environmental and technological issues.
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Cíl: Cílem bylo určit a zobrazit ...typický rozsah plicních laloků a jeho krajní varianty. Metodika: Z 250 HRCT vyšetření hrudníku dospělých pacientů bez nálezu výraznější patologie jsme zjistili varianty rozsahu plicních laloků a následně jsme typické polohy a jejich krajní varianty promítli na prosté snímky. Výsledky: Na levé straně byla hranice mezi plicními laloky nejvýše dorzálně nejčastěji u čtvrtého žebra (45 %), s rozsahem od druhého po osmé žebro. Laterodorzálně bylo dolní rozhraní nejčastěji v úrovni šestého žebra (52 %), s rozsahem od čtvrtého po osmé žebro. Vpravo byla hranice mezi horním a dolním plicním lalokem nejčastěji nejvýše u pátého žebra (49 %), s rozsahem od čtvrtého po osmé žebro. Laterodorzálně byla dolní hranice nejčastěji v úrovni šestého žebra (50 %), s rozsahem od čtvrtého po osmé žebro. Vedlejší interlobium probíhalo nejčastěji v úrovni ventrálního konce čtvrtého žebra. Závěr: Průmět plicních laloků na snímcích se mezi jednotlivými osobami poměrně významně liší. I při kombinaci dvou projekcí jsou v obou plicích velké oblasti, kde se mohou překrývat průměty laloků. Vzhledem k velké variabilitě polohy interlobií snímky často neumožňují spolehlivou lokalizaci plicních lézí do laloků.- Aim: To determine and depict typical extend of lung lobes and its border variants. Methods: HRCT examinations of the lung in 250 adult patients without major pathology were assessed to find out variants of lung lobes localizations. Afterwards we projected typical localizations and their extreme variants on the chest X-rays. Results: On the left side, the most frequent uppermost localization of the border between lung lobes was posteriorly at the fourth rib (45%), range from the second to the eighth rib. Posterolaterally the inferior border was most frequently at the sixth rib (52%), range from the fourth to the eighth rib. On the right side, the most frequent uppermost localization of the border between upper and lower lung lobes was posteriorly at the fifth rib (49%), range from the fourth to the eighth rib. Posterolaterally the inferior border was most frequently at the sixth rib (50%), range from the fourth to the eighth rib. Minor fissure was most frequently located at the level of anterior part of the fourth rib. Conclusion: The projection of lung lobes on the x-rays is considerably different among individuals. Even with two projections there remain extensive areas in both lungs, where the demarcations of lobes overlay each other. Due to the high variability of the position of interlobar fissures, x-rays often do not provide reliable localization of lung lesions into the lobes.- Zuzana Sedláčková, Filip Čtvrtlík, Miroslav Heřman- Literatura- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Diabetes mellitus a zejména ...diabetes mellitus 2. typu představuje jeden z nejvýznamnějších rizikových faktorů kardiovaskulárních onemocnění. Z hlediska ovlivnění KV rizika má enormní význam nejen pozitivní ovlivnění glykemie, ale také léčba diabetické dyslipidemie a arteriální hypertenze. Předložená práce poskytuje analýzu terapie antihypertenzivy a hypolipidemiky u všech diabetiků registrovaných u VZP v období let 2010–2013. V uvedeném období bylo s diagnózou diabetes mellitus léčeno 866 570 pojištěnců VZP, přičemž většinu tvořili diabetici nezávislí na inzulinu. Přibližně polovina pacientů byla dispenzarizována diabetology a polovina lékaři jiných specializací. Z antihypertenziv byli pacienti nejčastěji léčeni léky ovlivňujícími systém renin-angiotenzin, dále pak betablokátory a diuretiky. Preskripce hypolipidemické léčby, zejména preskripce statinů, v souladu s platnými doporučeními, pozvolna narůstá, nicméně i nadále zůstává nedostatečná (v roce 2013 zůstalo bez hypolipidemické léčby 43,6 % diabetiků z ambulancí diabetologů a 51,3 % diabetiků z ambulancí praktických lékařů!). V doplňující analýze dat za rok 2014 jsme zjistili, že v tomto roce bylo léčeno z celkového počtu osob s farmakologickou léčbou diabetu nějakým hypolipidemikem 57,3 % osob. Nedostatečné využití zaznamenává rovněž kombinační hypolipidemická léčba, dosud zastoupená zejména kombinací statinu s fibrátem. Nicméně v následujících letech očekáváme na základě pozitivních výsledků subanalýzy studie IMPROVE-IT nárůst kombinační hypolipidemické terapie, resp. kombinační léčby statiny v kombinaci s ezetimibem. Klíčová slova: diabetes mellitus 2. typu – diabetická dyslipidemie – ezetimib – kardiovaskulární riziko – statiny- Diabetes mellitus and in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disease. To influence cardiovascular risk there is enormous important not only positive influence of glycemia, but also the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia and hypertension. The present work provides an analysis of lipid-lowering and antihypertensive therapy for all diabetics registered with General Health Insurance Company in the period 2010–2013. In this time 866 570 patients with diabetes mellitus registered with General Health Insurance Company were treated, the majority of them were diabetics independent on insulin. Approximately half of the patients were observed by dialectologists and half of them by the doctors of other specialization. Out of antihypertensive medication, patients were most often treated by drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin system, as well as beta-blockers and diuretics. Prescription of the lipid-lowering therapy, especially prescription of statins, in accordance with the guidelines, is increasing, but remains insufficient (at 2013 43.6% diabetics treated by dialectologists and 51.3% diabetics treated by GP´s didn´t have lipid lowering therapy). Inadequate use of combination lipid-lowering therapy was recorded too, still represented mainly by combination of statin and fibrate, but in coming years we expect (based on the positive results of the subanalysis IMPROVE-IT study), an increase of combination therapy statin and ezetimibe. Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2 – diabetic dyslipidemia – ezetimibe – cardiovacular risk – statins- Michaela Šnejdrlová, Richard Češka, Denisa Janíčková-Žďárská, Petr Honěk, Pavel Dušek, Tomáš Pavlík, Milan Kvapil- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: Czech digital library/Česká digitální knihovna - Institution: National Medical Library/Národní lékařská knihovna - Data provided by Europeana Collections- L. Dušek, T. Pavlík, J. Jarkovský, ...J. Koptíková- Literatura- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Autor proučava etničku identifikaciju i etničke strukture stanovništva u 19. stoljeću u Habsburškoj monarhiji uopće i u hrvatskim pokrajinama napose. To istraživanje utemeljio je, prije svega, na ...izvorima koji sadrže statističke podatke o masovnoj etničkoj identifikaciji stanovništva, a ne samo na građi, kako se inače radi, koja govori o (samo)identifikaciji elite/preporoditelja. Da bismo u tome mogli učiniti i metodološki i istraživački pomak, nužno je: prvo, proučiti popise stanovništva i pratiti njihovu modernizaciju; drugo, uz to, proučiti brojne statističke edicije koje, već od 1828. a napose od sredine stoljeća, svake godine, izdaju statistički uredi, ali i druge statističke edicije koje izdaju različite institucije (privredne, školske, vojne itd.) jer one, uz ostalo, sadrže najvažnije podatke o etničkoj identifikaciji stanovništva; treće, upoznati brojne statističke edicije od kraja 18. stoljeća, napose teorije o etnografiji koje su, u određenju etničke identifikacije, bile presudne u nekom razdoblju; četvrto, primijeniti modele iz komparativne historiografije, proučiti sličnosti i razlike etničkih identifikacija i etničkih struktura kod svih naroda u Monarhiji. Autor je to pokušao učiniti u radu. Pritom je došao do nekih novih spoznaja koje ruše stereotipe i mitove o etničkoj identifikaciji, o »nacionalnoj svijesti« i »narodnosti« te o preporoditeljima/eliti koje nalazimo u historiografiji, ali ruše i stereotip o demonizaciji Habsburške monarhije. Ova rasprava, koja se bavi počecima etnografske statistike i ujedno počecima masovne etničke identifikacije, samo je dio opsežnih istraživanja o tome.
