Achieving societal climate goals requires rapid reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation. Recent efforts by policymakers have focused on increasing consumer adoption of ...electric vehicles (EVs). Nevertheless, EV sales remain low. Worse, even if EV market share jumped dramatically, it would take decades to replace the existing vehicle fleet, during which time vehicle GHG emissions would continue, worsening climate change. Consequently, some argue for policies to accelerate the retirement of inefficient fossil‐powered vehicles through “cash‐for‐clunkers” (C4C) programs. We examine C4C policies through a behavioral model of vehicle fleet turnover and EV market development in the United States. We find C4C policies can substantially reduce vehicle fleet emissions at reasonable cost per tonne of CO2. To meet emissions reductions goals, C4C policies should apply only when consumers replace their fossil‐powered vehicles with EVs. C4C policies incentivizing EVs accelerate cost reductions through scale economies, charging infrastructure deployment, model variety, and consumer awareness, boosting EV adoption beyond the direct effect of vehicle replacement. The result is a substantial synergy amplifying the impact of C4C and lowering unit cost of emissions reductions. C4C is further amplified when deployed together with complementary policies promoting renewable electricity production and a gas tax or carbon price.
Circular economy (CE) strategies, aimed at reducing resource consumption and waste generation, can help mitigate the environmental impacts of battery electric vehicles (BEV), thereby providing a more ...efficient alternative to petrol-fuelled vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are commonly used in BEV because of their higher performance than that of the benchmarks. However, how to analyse the CE innovations through life-cycle assessment (LCA) and how environmental savings relate to different CE strategies remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to i) identify and characterise the CE strategies most studied thus far in LCA studies on electric vehicle batteries, ii) evaluate the reasons behind the variability in the environmental impacts and savings between LIB with different chemistries, and iii) provide guidelines for the development of robust LCA studies for LIB by integrating CE management scenarios. The results showed that LCA-supported CE strategies have not been sufficiently explored in the literature, causing variability in methodological choices and research outcomes. While battery recycling was a dominant topic contemplated in 80% of the analysed LCA studies, other CE strategies, such as battery upgrading or remanufacturing, received little attention. The normalised impacts for LIB varied from 4400 kg CO2 eq. to 55,000 kg CO2 eq. based on several factors subject to the practitioners’ choices, such as the battery chemistry considered, impact assessment method applied, available inventories used, and the CE scenario analysed. LCA methodological guidelines for determining the environmental sustainability of the CE strategies for electric vehicle batteries were provided based on the findings.
•Comprehensive review of life cycle assessment and circular economy studies.•Battery longevity is the most important factor for reducing resource consumption.•Repurposing batteries to stationary energy storage leads to notable impact reduction.•Direct cathode recycling is the best end of life process to mitigate carbon emissions.•A holistic analysis of the suitability of circular economy strategies is yet lacking.
COVID-19, the most wide-spread and disruptive pandemic in over a century, enforced emergency urban design responses meaning to recalibrate transport provision globally. This is the first work that ...systematically evaluates the ‘public acceptance’ as a proxy for ‘policy success’ and ‘potential for longer-term viability’ of the high-profile sustainable transport intervention package introduced in 2020 in the capital city of Greece known as the Great Walk of Athens (GWA). This is achieved through a twin statistical analysis of an e-survey that looked into the attitudes and urban mobility experiences of Athenians accessing the area of the trial daily. The research enabled a comparison between the pre- and post-implementation traffic situations and provided details about specific measures packaged in the GWA project. Our results suggest that walking and cycling uptake were only marginally improved. Traffic delays for car users were considerable. Car usage declined somewhat, with the exception of ride-sharing. Public transport ridership numbers suffered a lot because of concerns about sharing closed space with many others during a pandemic. Men and people on low income were more likely to agree with the ‘change’. Naturally this was the case for people identified as primarily cyclists and pedestrians. The most impactful package elements in terms of car lane sacrifices (i.e., the redevelopment of Panepistimiou Street) had the lowest acceptability rates. A key reason that underpinned people's hesitation to approve the GWA initiative was the lack of public consultation in the decision-making that shaped the project. Our study provides evidence-based generalisable lessons for similar metropolitan environments looking to implement more or evaluate for possibly making permanent ‘rushed’ anti-Covid street redevelopment measures.
•We assess the public acceptance and viability of the Great Walk of Athens (GWA), a COVID-19 induced sustainable mobility roadwork package, through a local road user e-survey analysis.•We compare pre- and post-implementation traffic volumes and discuss key measures of the GWA project.•While traffic delays for car users were substantial, car usage and public transit ridership declined and walking and cycling uptake were only slightly improved.•The most impactful package elements (i.e., those relating to car lane sacrifices) had the lowest acceptance.•The lack of citizen engagement in the decision-making that shaped GWA and led to overspend was a reason for opposition.
The Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory (GLOSA) system is a Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS) that is supposed to reduce the energy consumption and travel time associated with a ...vehicle trip by providing an optimal speed profile to avoid unnecessary stops at an intersection, based on Traffic Light Signals (TLSs) information. It is expected that GLOSA solutions will be widely deployed on transportation networks, thanks to the rapid spread of increasingly effective and pervasive communication technologies. Thus, appropriate methodologies and tools should be adopted to test sustainability objectives and evaluate the effects of such systems on the performance of traffic networks. In this perspective, this paper proposes an enhanced testing approach of GLOSA services based on an Integrated Simulation Environment that combines custom models developed in Matlab/Simulink with the SUMO traffic simulation environment, allowing both the traffic environment and vehicle dynamics to be represented with a suitable level of detail. The proposed approach can be used to cover several aspects which, in the existing technical literature, are: (i) not considered (traffic signal phase condition); (ii) rarely considered (electric engine); (iii) considered in a non-integrated way (traffic condition, TLS cycle duration, communication distance and minimum speed). Indeed, the considered factors pertain to different subsystems of the mobility environment (network and vehicles), and the proposed testing framework allows an equally detailed simulation of all, thus enhancing the accuracy of the results. To show the validity of the proposed approach, this study considers one controlled vehicle, equipped with a GLOSA system, travelling along a single route through a city centre including many TLSs. The simulation analysis deals with different levels of considered factors, assessed through Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to mobility and environmental indicators. Numerical results confirm that the proposed Integrated Simulation Environment can give valuable insights and suggestions to design a GLOSA system aiming to enhance both mobility and environmental performance. They also show that the factors in question affect system performance differently.
•CAVs technologies are better tested by means of an integrated simulation environment.•GLOSA system functioning and effectiveness mainly affected by external factors.•Different engine types can affect GLOSA system functioning and effectiveness.•Micro-simulators should be carefully used for computing vehicles’ consumption.
Sustainable Business Models: A Review Nosratabadi, Saeed; Mosavi, Amir; Shamshirband, Shahaboddin ...
Sustainability,
03/2019, Letnik:
11, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During the past two decades of e-commerce growth, the concept of a business model has become increasingly popular. More recently, the research on this realm has grown rapidly, with diverse research ...activity covering a wide range of application areas. Considering the sustainable development goals, the innovative business models have brought a competitive advantage to improve the sustainability performance of organizations. The concept of the sustainable business model describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, cultural, or other contexts, in a sustainable way. The process of sustainable business model construction forms an innovative part of a business strategy. Different industries and businesses have utilized sustainable business models’ concept to satisfy their economic, environmental, and social goals simultaneously. However, the success, popularity, and progress of sustainable business models in different application domains are not clear. To explore this issue, this research provides a comprehensive review of sustainable business models literature in various application areas. Notable sustainable business models are identified and further classified in fourteen unique categories, and in every category, the progress -either failure or success- has been reviewed, and the research gaps are discussed. Taxonomy of the applications includes innovation, management and marketing, entrepreneurship, energy, fashion, healthcare, agri-food, supply chain management, circular economy, developing countries, engineering, construction and real estate, mobility and transportation, and hospitality. The key contribution of this study is that it provides an insight into the state of the art of sustainable business models in various application areas and future research directions. This paper concludes that popularity and the success rate of sustainable business models in all application domains have been increased along with the increasing use of advanced technologies.
Mobility Centers can provide integrated different options of mobility and intermodal services, and their associated facilities and all supporting technologies. Mobility hub centers are centrally ...located that enable people to go where they want to go without a private vehicle by combining many options such as walking, public transportation, bike sharing and car sharing. A well-designed mobility hub reduces GHG emissions by reducing vehicle miles within the city and provides accessible space for transferring of passengers from one mode of transport to another. To fulfill these aims, mobility hubs must be in the center and technologically well designed so that all individuals in the society can easily access it. Mobility hubs should also be able to increase or improve the mobility of passengers, and in turn ensure the satisfaction of all citizens. Due to the importance of passenger requirements (PRs) and sustainable design requirements (SDRs), to satisfy PRs while designing a mobility hub, in this study, a Fermatean Fuzzy based Quality Function Deployment (QFD) methodology is developed and applied to determine PRs and SDRs to satisfy PRs while designing a mobility hub in Kadikoy/Istanbul. As a relatively new extension of fuzzy sets, Fermatean Fuzzy Set (FFS) is used, in this study, for judgements to model fuzziness and uncertainty more extensively. According to results, the most important SDR to design mobility hub is “Mobility as a service (MaaS)” while the second and third most important SDRs are “Increase smartphone connectivity to create awareness of multi-modal options” and “Increase green spaces in the terminal”. This study’s results can support authorities in making strategic decisions in favor of future mobility hub designs.
•As a strategic task, the designing process and parameters for mobility hubs are analyzed.•Design parameters for a new mobility hub center are determined via expert opinions and literature review.•An integrated methodology that consists of Fermatean fuzzy sets and QFD is proposed.•A representation of mobility hub center is visualized.•The most critical factors in designing mobility hub center at the Anatolian side of Istanbul are highlighted.
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