Introduction: In recent decades, there has been an increase in the incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries during sports, leading to high costs for athletes, sports teams, ...and the healthcare system. Participants followed an individualised testing order in Session 1, and a 1-minute rest period was provided between landing tasks. The reliability of single-leg and double-leg drop jump landing tasks was determined using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval (CI) values.
To leverage multi-year panel data to determine statewide trends of participation in team sports, physical activity (PA) lessons, and overall PA among transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adolescents ...in 2016 and 2019.
Frequencies and percentages for TGD adolescents' team sport and PA lesson involvement, as well as mean number of days of ≥ 60 minutes of PA in the previous week, were compared in 2016 and 2019 to cisgender youth.
In both years, cisgender students were about twice as likely to participate in sports and engaged in an average of one additional full day per week of PA for ≥ 60 minutes. Students unsure of their gender identity participated slightly more than those identifying as transgender, genderqueer, genderfluid, or nonbinary.
We extend previous literature by demonstrating how gender-related participation gaps existed for Minnesotan high school students in 2016 and persisted into 2019, and we added distinctions for identities within the TGD umbrella (e.g., unsure).
En el voleibol la potencia en las extremidades inferiores es determinante para el rendimiento en acciones como el remate, el bloqueo y el saque en suspensión. Pero, además, para acciones que exigen ...de agilidad como es el caso de los Cambio de Dirección (CDD). El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la asociación entre la potencia en el salto con sentadilla (SJ), el contramovimiento (CMJ) y la diferencia del SJ-CMJ (SJ-CMJdif) y los CDD en jugadores universitarios de voleibol. En el estudio de diseño transversal, con alcance correlacional, 12 jugadores realizaron las pruebas SJ, CMJ y dos CDD (T-Test, 5-0-5 Test). La potencia del SJ o el CMJ medida en Watios no correlacionó con los CDD. Sin embargo, la altura del SJ (r= - 0.58, p=.04) y CMJ (r= - 0.69, p=.01) tuvieron una correlación negativa y grande con el T-Test, mas no con el 5-0-5 Test. De la misma forma la SJ-CMJdif tuvó una correlación negativa y grande con el T-Test (r= - 0.61, p=.03), pero no con el 5-0-5. Los resultados sustentan la utilidad del SJ y el CMJ para el control de la potencia en los miembros inferiores, destacan la especificidad del T-Test para la evaluación de los CDD en el Voleibol y el aprovechamiento del potencial elástico necesario en las acciones de aceleración y desaceleraciones, evaluado mediante la SJ-CMJdif.
Palabras clave: Cambio de dirección, Ciclo estiramiento-acortamiento, Potencia, Voleibol.
Abstract. In volleyball, the power in the lower extremities is decisive for performance in actions such as spikes, blocks and jump serve. But, in addition, for actions that require agility, such as Change of Direction (COD). The objective of this study was to examine the association between Squat Jump (SJ) power, countermovement (CMJ) power, and SJ-CMJ difference (SJ-CMJdif) and COD in college volleyball players. In the cross-sectional study, with a correlational scope, 12 players executed the SJ, CMJ and two COD tests (T-Test, 5-0-5 Test). The power (Watts) of the SJ or the CMJ did not correlate with the COD. However, SJ height (r= - 0.58, p=.04) and CMJ height (r= - 0.69, p=.01) had a negative and large correlation with the T-Test, but not with the 5-0-5 Test. In the same way, the SJ-CMJdif had a negative and large correlation with the T-Test (r= - 0.61, p=.03), but not with the 5-0-5. The results support the usefulness of the SJ and the CMJ for the control of power in the lower limbs, highlight the specificity of the T-Test for the evaluation of the COD in Volleyball and the utility of the elastic potential in the actions of acceleration and decelerations, evaluated using the SJ-CMJdif.
Keywords: Change of direction, Stretch-shorten cycle, Power, Volleyball.
Optimal performance in sport requires neuropsychological processes such as executive functions. Among these are working memory (WM) and inhibitory control (IC). It has been described that those who ...practice self-paced sports such as baseball obtain scores located in the high range in tasks corresponding to the WM and IC, as well as batters tend to obtain higher scores in tasks of inhibitory control compared to those who do not hit and athletes from other sports. This study evaluates the differences in the performance of university baseball players in IC and WM tasks and their relationship with the time practicing this sport. Thirty-two players belonging to a university baseball team were evaluated by means of subtests belonging to Battery BANFE-2. The results show scores corresponding to the high range in the tasks corresponding to the WM and the IC for all participants. Significant differences were found in CI scores between hitters and pitched (p <.01). In the TM tasks the differences were not significant (p <.5). The results obtained support the hypothesis that hitters obtain higher scores than in IC than non-hitters and that baseball players in general have a high performance in capacities such as IC and WM, so it can be inferred that the demands of baseball they are an important factor in the development of processes such as those addressed in this study.
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue investigar los efectos agudos del uso de lastres de empeine (Powerinstep®) en aspectos técnicos de agilidad y precisión en el golpeo de balón en futbolistas ...de categoría juvenil. Se utilizó un diseño intra-sujetos para evaluar dieciséis (n=16) jugadores, todos hombres, de categoría juvenil (media ± DE; 17,56 ± 0,51 años; 179,81 ± 5,31 cm; 75,03 ± 7,92 kg; 23,17 ± 1,83 IMC) en diferentes acciones específicas de fútbol (golpeo y conducción de balón) y cambios de dirección bajo las siguientes condiciones: lastres de 50, 100, 150 gr o sin lastre. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el test de cambios de dirección entre cargas ni hubo interacción significativa entre el resultado de los test, cargas y el uso del balón. Sí se encontraron diferencias significativas (p < 0.001) entre la realización del test sin balón o con balón. Tampoco hubo diferencias significativas en el golpeo de balón en relación a la precisión entre cargas (p = 0.72) pero sí entre zonas (p < 0.001). Con relación a la potencia, se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0.008) entre la ejecución sin lastre y con 50 gr con las cargas de 100 y 150 gr. Estos resultados muestran que el uso de las pesas de empeine tiene diferentes efectos en las acciones técnicas realizadas en el fútbol.
Palabras clave: golpeo de balón, precisión, agilidad, CDD
Abstract. The main objective of this study was to investigate the acute effects of the use of instep weights (Powerinstep®) on technical skills, agility, and kicking accuracy in young soccer players. A within-subjects design was used to evaluate sixteen (n=16) young male players (mean ± SD, 17.56 ± 0.51 years, 179.81 ± 5.31 cm, 75.03 ± 7.92 kg; 23.17 ± 1.83 BMI) in different soccer-specific actions (kicking and guiding the ball) and change of direction under the following conditions: 50, 100, 150 gr or without instep weights (baseline). No significant differences were found in the change of direction test between loads, and there was no significant interaction between the results of the tests, loads and the use of the ball. Significant differences were found (p < 0.001) between performing the test with or without the ball. There were also no significant differences in kicking the ball with accuracy between loads (p = 0.72), but there were significant differences between zones (p < 0.001). Considering power, significant differences (p = 0.008) were found between baseline and 50 gr with loads of 100 and 150 gr. These results show that using instep weights can have different effects on soccer technical actions.
Keywords: ball hitting, accuracy, agility, COD
To examine the validity and inter-unit reliability of 10Hz GPS for measuring instantaneous velocity during maximal accelerations.
Experimental.
Two 10Hz GPS devices secured to a sliding platform ...mounted on a custom built monorail were towed whilst sprinting maximally over 10m. Displacement of GPS devices was measured using a laser sampling at 2000Hz, from which velocity and mean acceleration were derived. Velocity data was pooled into acceleration thresholds according to mean acceleration. Agreement between laser and GPS measures of instantaneous velocity within each acceleration threshold was examined using least squares linear regression and Bland–Altman limits of agreement (LOA). Inter-unit reliability was expressed as typical error (TE) and a Pearson correlation coefficient.
Mean bias±95% LOA during accelerations of 0–0.99ms−2 was 0.12±0.27ms−1, decreasing to −0.40±0.67ms−1 during accelerations >4ms−2. Standard error of the estimate ±95% CI (SEE) increased from 0.12±0.02ms−1 during accelerations of 0–0.99ms−2 to 0.32±0.06ms−1 during accelerations >4ms−2. TE increased from 0.05±0.01 to 0.12±0.01ms−1 during accelerations of 0–0.99ms−2 and >4ms−2 respectively.
The validity and reliability of 10Hz GPS for the measurement of instantaneous velocity has been shown to be inversely related to acceleration. Those using 10Hz GPS should be aware that during accelerations of over 4ms−2, accuracy is compromised.
The objective of this study is to examine the role of initial workout, training and leadership in team sports performance. The moderating role of teamwork was also examined in this study. Therefore, ...the relationship between initial workout, training, leadership, teamwork and team sports performance was examined. To address this unique relationship, this study focused on the Chinese sports players. Data was collected from the sports players in China through quantitative research technique in which a survey was carried out. To complete a survey, this study used a questionnaire. Therefore, total 600 questionnaires were used in data collection and 250 responses were received. The analysis of the data was carried out by using a statistical software. Results of the study shows that; initial workout has positive effect on team sports performance. Training also has positive effect on team sports performance. Similarly, leadership has positive effect on team sports performance. In this direction, teamwork also play an important role to enhance the relationship between training and team sports performance. Thus, the current study has important contribution to the literature having major practical implications for the practitioners.
The article includes historical notes on the Italian Football Federation (FIGC). From its birth, in the year 1898, up to the present reality. The Italian Referees Association (AIA) is a component of ...the FIGC made up of football referees. It consists of a central structure and a territorial network and is governed by specific rules for all its functions. Among these rules, the Code of Ethics is of great importance, a document that defines and indicates values connected to ethics, understood as rules of respect and behavior which are essential for football referees.
The focus of this paper is to analyze the evolution of football language spoken by massmedia, from the origin of football as a social mass phenomenon to its nowadays transformation in a multimedia ...show. Football has always been a shared language, whose form depended on the specific mass medium that was egemonic in any epoch. From paper, to electonic, to mulimedia coverages, the performative language of football changed in a way that gave again more and more importance to its spoken side. This trend takes its maximum level in the present time, when di role of pundits gives help to the construction of a technocratic football language.
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