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Russia is completing the stage of adaptation to the changed conditions of interaction with the outside world. Now our country is faced with the task of carrying out a set of active measures aimed ...at modernizing the economy and society in the face of increasing development restrictions. The success of the ongoing economic policy will be determined by the correct choice of directions for structural and technological modernization and tools for achieving results. The article analyzes key aspects of economic development: changes in the institutional environment, potential opportunities for expanding demand, objectives of innovation policy, mechanisms for financing modernization activities. It is stated that the Russian economy has the resources to ensure a significant increase in production efficiency and economic growth rates in the medium and long term. An active economic policy focused on the use of domestic demand reserves is substantiated. Quantitative estimates of the parameters of economic development in 2023–2035 are given.
The article deals with the issue of modern challenges in the development of the fuel and energy complex, including the oil and gas industry as its basis in terms of the volume of tax revenues to the ...budget. Industry technological priorities have been identified: the creation of domestic equipment and technologies for the traditional upstream fuel and energy complex, digital transformation and the development of Industry 4.0 technologies, the development of technological competencies in key areas of energy transition, and the development of technologies in terms of ecology and industrial safety. The world experience of supporting the development of scientific research in industry is analyzed on the example of the USA, Norway and China. An analysis of the challenges of the institutional development of the fuel and energy complex at all stages from research to serial production is presented. The covenants of the state in the field of developing human resources for the implementation of the energy transition of the domestic fuel and energy complex, independent of external circumstances, have been determined. Proceeding from the analysis of internal barriers and successful international practices, proposals were made for the development of state technology policy.
The National Program of the Russian Federation formulates directions for the development of the industry in the medium term. The technological development of the Russian Federation in the medium term will be influenced, on the one hand, by a number of external and internal threats of technological backwardness and degradation of the Russian economy, and on the other, by emerging new opportunities.
Russia has a serious scientific and technical foundation in the field of hydrogen energy, scientific and technical personnel, operating facilities in the hydrogen industry, intellectual property, standard base, design and operational documentation, experience in creating the world's largest hydrogen filling station for launch vehicles and spacecraft (“Energy- Buran") guarantee the successful completion of assigned tasks in the medium term.
Huge reserves of biomass, hydro resources, wind resources, geothermal resources, wave energy of the seas and oceans, solar energy provide enormous opportunities for the export of hydrogen to all interested countries, as well as the widespread use of hydrogen in the national economy, primarily for converting aviation to environmentally friendly fuel and preserving the environment megacities and large urban agglomerations.
One of the important issues of industrial and technology policy is the position of the policy-making institution in the structure of the political system and its role in relation to the traditional ...policy-making structure. The experience of Iran's entry into nanotechnology policy-making deserves special attention, both in terms of specialized entry into a technological as well as the impact of nano-related policies on the country's industrial and technological policies. First it is noteworthy that the experience of the Nano Council has historically preceded the formation of the Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology and other technology development councils. It is also important to pay attention to the impact of the policy infrastructure of the Nano council on other industrial and technological policy such as the Iranian Making Exhibition (iranlabexpo), the Patent Office, Elites Federation and the national laboratory network. Therefore, this article delves into the historical experience of Iran over past two decades in nanotechnology policy (since the beginning of the 2000s), focusing on the formation and development of the Iran Nanotechnology Council. Accordingly, while collecting and analyzing written data such as reports, news and public interviews, we conducted semi-structured interviews with the founders and key people engaged in the formation and development of the council. Core categories in the historical analysis of nanotechnology policy-making experience are training policy-making experts, creating institutions for implementing specialized programs, managerial stability and flexibility in operations and supports. In other words, the success of the Nano Council, has to do with the support of high-ranking officials and the presence of related institutions as a supporting and strengthening structure along with conflict management with stakeholders.
Is Europe Evolving Toward an Integrated Research Area? Chessa, A.; Morescalchi, A.; Pammolli, F. ...
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
02/2013, Letnik:
339, Številka:
6120
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Despite efforts to integrate across borders, Europe remains a collection of national innovation systems.
Efforts toward European research and development (R&D) integration have a long history, ...intensifying with the Fifth Framework Programme (FP) in 1998 (
1
–
3
) and the launch of the European Research Area (ERA) initiative at the Lisbon European Council in 2000. A key component of the European Union (EU) strategy for innovation and growth (
4
,
5
), the ERA aims to overcome national borders through directed funding, increased mobility, and streamlined innovation policies.
This study seeks to investigate the possibility of achieving Chinese climate and sustainable development goals (SDGs) with technological innovations and renewable energy policies. Currently, China is ...ranked first in global emissions. Hence, we utilized Chinese data of 1996Q1 2018Q4 to investigate the policy implication of technological innovation and renewal energy towards its climate goals. Economic development, technology, energy and environmental policies are incorporated in our study for clear insight on the impact of technology and renewable energy on China's climate goals. We adopt different scientific approaches (structural break, bound method of co‐integration, autoregressive dynamic lag‐ARDL dynamics and granger causality test) for both quantitative and theoretical analyses. Our discussions and policy inference are based on the findings from ARDL and granger causality analyses. Findings from ARDL tests debunk the inverted U‐shape EKC hypothesis for China. Technological innovations and renewable energies are found impacting favorably on Chinese environment by reducing carbon emissions. Output derived from Causality supports the results from ARDL with nexus established amongst the selected instruments. From the findings, we conclude by advocating for policy to be framed on renewable energy sector through investment and technological boosting towards a SDG for China.
This study presents an innovative text mining methodology that supports policy analysts with problem recognition, definition and selection. The empirical analysis is based on four years of online ...news articles published in the period 2016–2019. Using a combination of text mining methods (analysis of term-frequencies, co-occurrence and sentiment analysis), we identify trending terms and explore selected regulatory issues. The analysis demonstrates that while each text mining algorithm provides insightful results, their combination yields more detailed and robust overview of regulatory problems. The results present early signals and trends, the connections between trending topics, and the changing public attitudes towards them.
Resumo O texto apresenta e discute os novos personagens que têm crescente presença no ambiente de pesquisa, quais sejam o pesquisador empreendedor e a universidade empreendedora. Discute ainda o ...cenário atual da difusão de conhecimento científico que apresenta crescentes problemas, com dificuldade de publicação de resultados e dificuldades de acesso a resultados de pesquisa publicados. Discute também o significado da estratégia da pesquisa translacional e apresenta e discute alguns desafios éticos relevantes que resultam da reorganização das relações entre ciência e negócio. Em particular trata dos conflitos de interesse e dos resultados da supercompetição entre cientistas e instituições em um cenário de encurtamento de apoio financeiro público à ciência.
Abstract The paper introduces and discusses the new players that now have a growing presence on the research scene, namely the entrepreneurial researcher and the entrepreneurial university. It also discusses the current scenario of the diffusion of scientific knowledge that presents increasing problems, with difficulty in publishing results and difficulties in accessing the results of published research. It also discusses the implications of the strategy of translational research and presents and discusses some relevant ethical challenges that result from the reorganization of the relationship between science and business. In particular, it deals with conflicts of interest and the results of excessive competition between scientists and institutions in a scenario of diminished public financial support for science.
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