Dokument ist mit Durchschlagpapier erzeugte Kopie auf dünnerem Papier übertragen. Es ist die Niederschrift, angefertigt vom Hauptlehrer der Schule.
Hier beschreibt Hauptlehrer Kolbeck den Ablauf der ...Veranstaltung und den Inhalt der in den Grundstein eingemauerten Zeitkapsel.
The paper is transferred to a thin paper. It is the transcript, made by the main teacher of the school.
Here main teacher Kolbeck describes the course of the event and the content of the time capsule that was built into the foundation stone.
The first feature film made about the design and deployment of the atomic bomb, The Beginning or the End (1947), begins with fake newsreel footage depicting the burial in a time capsule of a copy of ...the film and a projector to show it on. The scene, with its funereal overtones yet grim optimism that, even in the face of catastrophic destruction, the germ of civilization will endure, recalls the ceremonies surrounding the interment of the Westinghouse time capsule at the New York World’s Fair in 1939. Time capsules, this article argues, stand in a complex relation to war and temporality, seeking to at once anticipate and work through the challenge posed to futurity by the threat of global conflict. As a container, the capsule attempts to deliver and control the reception of a legible inventory of the present, yet the principle of selection and the impossibility of predicting how information might be received in the deep future – if it is received at all – threatens this aim. The dilemma faced by time capsule curators is, we argue with reference to William Burroughs’ and Brion Gysin’s so-called cut-up method of writing, one of control. By reading the time capsule through the cut-up, anticipated catastrophe can be seen to be functioning proleptically in the present and already active as a challenge to the capsule as proof against disaster.
Time capsules offer unexpected insights into how people view their own time, place, and culture, as well as their duties to future generations. Remembrance of Things Present traces the birth of this ...device to the Gilded Age, when growing urban volatility prompted doubts about how the period would be remembered—or if it would be remembered at all. Yablon details how diverse Americans – from presidents and mayors to advocates for the rights of women, blacks, and workers – constructed prospective memories of their present. They did so by contributing not just written testimony to time capsules but also sources that historians and archivists considered illegitimate, such as photographs, phonograph records, films, and everyday artifacts.By offering a direct line to posterity, time capsules stimulated various hopes for the future. Remembrance of Things Present delves into these treasure chests to unearth those forgotten futures.
This article takes the form of a speculative reading of a selection of objects and cardboard boxes from Andy Warhol's monumental artwork, Time Capsules (1974-1984) based on research on the Time ...Capsules undertaken at The Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh in 2014. The Time Capsules consists of 612 containers (most of them identical cardboard boxes) filled with objects from Warhol's life. In this article, I draw on comics studies, queer theory, and the theory of autographics to consider how and why the Time Capsules might be read as an artwork that stages an encounter with intimate interiors. These intimate interiors are multiple: spanning the materiality of the work itself, the enclosure of mementos, objects, and ephemera within the mundane autobiographical technology of the cardboard box, and the reader's own interior world which they must draw on to find a path through the vast array of objects that make up the work. The reading offered in this article follows the trace of affect and intimate relationality - sexuality, familial relations, friendships and love - across the work. It argues that the Time Capsules powerfully demonstrate the role of objects in the construction, maintenance and memorialisation of intimate connections.
In the 60th year after the placing of the corner stone under the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund (PPSH; Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway), a new capsule has been laid down in the vicinity of the PPSH. ...It is made of stainless steel, and includes five stainless steel containers, each carrying a message on different themes in our lives. The message is written in the language of objects, each of them speaking for itself. The capsule with containers has been buried in a 4.2m deep hole, drilled for scientific purposes. The host rocks for the capsule are the Precambrian gneisses, representing the basement of the polar archipelago. We estimate that the capsule, now some 6m a.s.l., will appear again on the surface after ca. 0.5Ma, due to the combined effect of uplift and erosion. We also believe that it will be found, and the message understood, contrary to other messages sent by mankind into space.
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•In the time capsule we portray ourselves to future civilizations, far away in the future.•We use a specific language of natural objects and artifacts that speak by themselves.•Our message in the bottle will rise up from Earth's surface after thousands of years.
Minuscule primordial black holes (BHs) before the end and after inflation can serve as “time capsules” bringing back energy from the past to a later epoch when they evaporate. As these BHs behave ...like matter, while the rest of the universe's content behaves like radiation, the mass fraction of these BHs, which is tiny at formation, becomes significant later. If sufficiently small, these BHs will evaporate while the Universe is still radiation dominated. We revisit this process and point out that gravitons produced during evaporation behave as “dark radiation.” If the initial BHs are uniformly distributed so will the gravitons and in this case, they will be free of Silk damping and avoid current limits on “dark radiation” scenarios. Seeds for such BHs can arise during the last phases of inflation. We show here that with suitable parameters, this background graviton field can resolve the Hubble tension. We present current observational constraints on this scenario and suggest upcoming observational tests to prove or refute it. Finally, we also elaborate on the graviton background produced by particle annihilation during the Planck era or shortly after inflation.
Many global catastrophic risks are threatening human civilization, and a number of ideas have been suggested for preventing or surviving them. However, if these interventions fail, society could ...preserve information about the human race and human DNA samples in the hopes that the next civilization on Earth will be able to reconstruct Homo sapiens and our culture. This requires information preservation of an order of magnitude of 100 million years, a little-explored topic thus far. It is important that a potential future civilization discovers this information as early as possible, thus a beacon should accompany the message in order to increase visibility. The message should ideally contain information about how humanity was destroyed, perhaps including a continuous recording until the end. This could help the potential future civilization to survive. The best place for long-term data storage is under the surface of the Moon, with the beacon constructed as a complex geometric figure drawn by small craters or trenches around a central point. There are several cost-effective options for sending the message as opportunistic payloads on different planned landers.
•Catastrophic risks could be survived if the next civilization on Earth could reconstruct humanity.•The next non-human civilization may appear on Earth around 100 million years from now.•Time capsules with DNA and data could help reconstruction of humanity.•The most logical place for such data preservation is the Moon.•Drawings on the surface of the Moon made of small craters can serve as a beacon.
Bookkeeper, the most widely used deacidification process based on MgO particles, was systematically evaluated on two sets of nonvaluable historical paper samples. Established analytical methods, such ...as pH and alkaline reserve determination, were used, as well as SEM EDS analyses to evaluate the distribution of Mg-rich particles on the paper surface and in the cross-section of the paper. The degradation rate constants of untreated and deacidified paper samples after accelerated thermal degradation were calculated based on weight average molecular mass determination to evaluate the lifetime extension of paper. The efficiency factors determined after accelerated thermal degradation of untreated and treated paper showed that paper lifetime prolongation after Bookkeeper deacidification treatment is highly limited for most of the investigated paper samples. No correlation was found between the alkaline reserve content or the pH and the degradation rate constants of the deacidified paper samples, but the paper degradation rate correlated with the paper samples pH before deacidification treatment. SEM EDS analysis showed that Mg-rich particles remained on the paper surface, which explains the limited effectiveness of the treatment.
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BackgroundConcerns about the magnitude of illicit cigarette trade have prevented the Government of Pakistan from increasing tobacco taxes. We estimated the proportion of illicit cigarettes sold in ...Pakistani cities. Moreover, we compared two methods for collecting cigarette packs and investigated if the illicit cigarette trade equates to tax evasion.MethodWe analysed cigarette packs collected from 10 cities of Pakistan using two methods: consumer survey based on a two-stage random sampling strategy to recruit adult smokers and photograph their cigarette packs and waste recycle store survey to purchase used cigarette packs. Cigarettes were considered illicit if any one of the following was absent from their packs: text and pictorial health warning, underage sale prohibition warning, retail price and manufacturer’s name. From the consumer survey, we also estimated the proportion of smokers who purchased loose cigarettes (illegal) and packs below the minimum retail price. Taxation officers (n=4) were consulted to assess their level of confidence in judging tax evasion using the above criteria.ResultsOut of 2416 cigarette packs in the consumer survey, 454 (17.8%; 95% CI 15.4% to 20.2%) were illicit. Similarly, out of 6213 packs from waste recycle shops, 1046 (16.8%; 95% CI 15.9% to 17.7%) were illicit; the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.473). Among consumers, 29.5% bought loose cigarettes and 13.8% paid less than the minimum retail price. The taxation officers considered the manufacturer’s name and retail price on cigarette packs as the most relevant criteria to detect tax evasion.ConclusionsOne in six cigarette packs consumed in Pakistan could be illicit. These figures are far less than those propagated by the tobacco industry. Collecting packs from waste recycle stores is an efficient and valid method to estimate illicit cigarette trade.
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