Build a Modern L&D TeamOrganizations are facing an era of rapid acceleration. As new technology and digital strategies are integrated, workers at all levels will be required to build capability much ...faster than before, navigating more complex systems and processes. Yet, learning and development (L&D) has lagged in this area, as too many L&D functions still focus on transactional interactions across a broad and complex portfolio while starved for resources. In L&D’s Playbook for the Digital Age, Brandon Carson makes the case that it’s time to reorient L&D, take a more proactive role in enabling the workforce, and create a new framework for developing skills and capabilities. L&D leaders must realize theirs is one of the most critical business functions and must be appropriately funded and resourced to realize the performance gains that are crucial to the business.L&D cannot be caught standing still and, in fact, needs a new playbook to navigate the radical and complex transformation the digital age is demanding. Stemming from the sports world, a playbook ensures the players know their roles, connect as a team, and understand the winning strategy and how to execute the game plan. For L&D, a playbook can help build alignment across the team and with stakeholders by being flexible as business needs change. Carson walks you through the steps to formulate how a new playbook could help the alignment of your L&D function—whether it’s restructuring, new skilling, or rescoping. He asks readers to speak the language of business instead of the language of learning. For example, does your workforce repair aircraft or do they enable safe flight? In other words, can you be the visionary your organization requires?
This reprint presents information to update the state-of-the-art knowledge on young, professional or recreational, male and female athletes. Moreover, it addresses current gaps in the literature on ...issues that have an impact on athletes (e.g., Crohn’s disease, Olympic weightlifting, and velocity speed loss). Importantly, this reprint contributes to knowledge on how to improve load monitoring (of training and competition) and health care for athletes through direct or indirect research.
Low-load resistance training (< 50% of one-repetition maximum 1RM) associated with blood-flow restriction (BFR-RT) has been thought to promote increases in muscle strength and mass. However, it ...remains unclear if the magnitude of these adaptations is similar to conventional high-load resistance training (> 65% 1RM; HL-RT).
To compare the effects of HL- versus BFR-RT on muscle adaptations using a systematic review and meta-analysis procedure.
Studies were identified via electronic databases based on the following inclusion criteria: (a) pre- and post-training assessment of muscular strength; (b) pre- and post-training assessment of muscle hypertrophy; (c) comparison of HL-RT vs. BFR-RT; (d) score ≥ 4 on PEDro scale; (e) means and standard deviations (or standard errors) are reported from absolute values or allow estimation from graphs. If this last criterion was not met, data were directly requested from the authors.
The main results showed higher increases in muscle strength for HL- as compared with BFR-RT, even when considering test specificity, absolute occlusion pressure, cuff width, and occlusion pressure prescription. Regarding the hypertrophic response, results revealed similar effects between HL- and BFR-RT, regardless of the absolute occlusion pressure, cuff width, and occlusion pressure prescription.
Based on the present data, maximum muscle strength may be optimized by specific training methods (i.e., HL-RT) while both HL- and BFR-RT seem equally effective in increasing muscle mass. Importantly, BFR-RT is a valid and effective approach for increasing muscle strength in a wide spectrum of ages and physical capacity, although it may seem particularly of interest for those individuals with physical limitations to engage in HL-RT.
Rezumat: Formarea profesională şi autorizarea în vederea conducerii locomotivelor se face în Uniunea Europeană şi în România ţinând cont de recomandările cadrului de reglementare legislativ european ...aplicabil în prezent.
Le DPA-PC a pour caractéristique d'être une approche, ce qui détermine la façon de comprendre ses propositions conceptuelles et de mobiliser ses aspects pratiques dans l'accompagnement professionnel. ...On ne peut donc réduire le DPA-PC à une méthode. En formation, cela pose un double défi: au formateur au niveau pédagogique, à l'apprenant au niveau de son implication. Cet article propose une brève réflexion sur la manière de relever ce défi.
In this study, to predict unsteady temperature distributions, POD-DNN was utilized, where DNN was trained to predicted coefficients of POMs. Two strategies, flatten POD-DNN and nested POD-DNN were ...compared. The flatten POD-DNN provided high accuracy if training data is sufficient, but otherwise very inaccurate. The nested POD-DNN roughly predicted the development of temperature fields even training data was small. The results showed their different sensitivities to the training data size.
Key points
For individuals showing suboptimal adaptations to resistance training, manipulation of training volume is a potential measure to facilitate responses. This remains unexplored.
Here, 34 ...untrained individuals performed contralateral resistance training with moderate and low volume for 12 weeks. Moderate volume led to larger increases in muscle cross‐sectional area, strength and type II fibre‐type transitions.
These changes coincided with greater activation of signalling pathways controlling muscle growth and greater induction of ribosome synthesis.
Out of 34 participants, thirteen displayed clear benefit of MOD on muscle hypertrophy and sixteen showed clear benefit of MOD on muscle strength gains. This coincided with greater total RNA accumulation in the early phase of the training period, suggesting that ribosomal biogenesis regulates the dose–response relationship between training volume and muscle hypertrophy.
These results demonstrate that there is a dose‐dependent relationship between training volume and outcomes. On the individual level, benefits of higher training volume were associated with increased ribosomal biogenesis.
Resistance‐exercise volume is a determinant of training outcomes. However not all individuals respond in a dose‐dependent fashion. In this study, 34 healthy individuals (males n = 16, 23.6 (4.1) years; females n = 18, 22.0 (1.3) years) performed moderate‐ (3 sets per exercise, MOD) and low‐volume (1 set, LOW) resistance training in a contralateral fashion for 12 weeks (2–3 sessions per week). Muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA) and strength were assessed at Weeks 0 and 12, along with biopsy sampling (m. vastus lateralis). Muscle biopsies were also sampled before and 1 h after the fifth session (Week 2). MOD resulted in larger increases in muscle CSA (5.2 (3.8)% versus 3.7 (3.7)%, P < 0.001) and strength (3.4–7.7% difference, all P < 0.05. This coincided with greater reductions in type IIX fibres from Week 0 to Week 12 (MOD, −4.6 percentage points; LOW −3.2 percentage points), greater phosphorylation of S6‐kinase 1 (p85 S6K1Thr412, 19%; p70 S6K1Thr389, 58%) and ribosomal protein S6Ser235/236 (37%), greater rested‐state total RNA (8.8%) and greater exercise‐induced c‐Myc mRNA expression (25%; Week 2, all P < 0.05). Thirteen and sixteen participants, respectively, displayed clear benefits in response to MOD on muscle hypertrophy and strength. Benefits were associated with greater accumulation of total RNA at Week 2 in the MOD leg, with every 1% difference increasing the odds of MOD benefit by 7.0% (P = 0.005) and 9.8% (P = 0.002). In conclusion, MOD led to greater functional and biological adaptations than LOW. Associations between dose‐dependent total RNA accumulation and increases in muscle mass and strength point to ribosome biogenesis as a determinant of dose‐dependent training responses.
Key points
For individuals showing suboptimal adaptations to resistance training, manipulation of training volume is a potential measure to facilitate responses. This remains unexplored.
Here, 34 untrained individuals performed contralateral resistance training with moderate and low volume for 12 weeks. Moderate volume led to larger increases in muscle cross‐sectional area, strength and type II fibre‐type transitions.
These changes coincided with greater activation of signalling pathways controlling muscle growth and greater induction of ribosome synthesis.
Out of 34 participants, thirteen displayed clear benefit of MOD on muscle hypertrophy and sixteen showed clear benefit of MOD on muscle strength gains. This coincided with greater total RNA accumulation in the early phase of the training period, suggesting that ribosomal biogenesis regulates the dose–response relationship between training volume and muscle hypertrophy.
These results demonstrate that there is a dose‐dependent relationship between training volume and outcomes. On the individual level, benefits of higher training volume were associated with increased ribosomal biogenesis.
The UK cardiology specialist training programme utilises the National Health Service (NHS) e-Portfolio to ensure adequate progression is being made during a trainees’ career. The NHS e-portfolio has ...been used for 15 years, but many questions remain regarding its perceived learning value and usefulness for trainees and trainers. This qualitative study in the recent pre-COVID era explored the perceived benefits of the NHS e-Portfolio with cardiology trainees and trainers in two UK training deaneries. Questionnaires were sent to 66 trainees and to 50 trainers. 50% of trainees felt that their development had benefited from use of the ePortfolio. 61% of trainees found it an effective educational tool, and 25% of trainees and 39% of trainers found the ePortfolio useful for highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. 75% of trainees viewed workplace based assessments as a means to passing the ARCP. The results show that the NHS ePortfolio and workplace based assessments were perceived negatively by some trainees and trainers alike, with many feeling that significant improvements need to be made. In light of the progress and acceptance of digital technology and communication in the current COVID-19 era, it is likely to be the time for the development of a new optimal digital training platform for cardiology trainees and trainers. The specialist societies could help develop a more speciality specific learning and development tool.
When the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board’s (PMETB) Review of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Training was published in 2008 it contained five recommendations about OMFS ...training. As yet, none of these recommendations has been delivered. An online survey was designed to assess awareness of the PMETB review and the current views of OMFS trainees and consultants about its recommendations. Replies were invited using email and social media (WhatsApp, Twitter, and Facebook). As a result of using social media no denominator for the response rate was possible. A total of 304 responses were received, eight of which were anonymous. There was strong support for all the OMFS-specific recommendations: 1: the OMFS specialty should remain a dual medical and dental degree specialty (255, 84%); 2: OMFS training should be shortened (283, 93%); 3: OMFS training should start at the beginning of the second degree (203, 67%); 4: there should be a single medical regulator (General Medical Council) for OMFS (258, 85%); and 6: the need for a second Foundation Year should be removed (260, 86%). Other suggestions about improving OMFS training were also made by participants in the survey. There remains strong support within the specialty for the recommendations of the review. This support is present across consultants, specialty trainees, and those aiming for OMFS specialty training. Some of the original legislative obstructions to delivery of the recommendations have been removed by Brexit creating a unique opportunity for them to be delivered.
This book explores ways to prepare teachers to teach English as an International Language, and provides theoretically-grounded models for EIL-informed teacher education. It includes two chapters that ...present a theoretical approach to EIL teacher education, followed by descriptions of field-tested teacher education programs, courses and activities.
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