Cilj: Kvalitetna prehrana, koja podrazumijeva uravnoteženi unos hranjivih i zaštitnih tvari, jedan je od preduvjeta za prevenciju pretilosti i očuvanje zdravlja pojedinca. Cilj ovoga rada bio je ...utvrditi unos pojedinih makronutrijenata učenika mlađe školske dobi, te ustanoviti postoji li povezanost unosa pojedinih makronutrijenata s odgovarajućim pokazateljima statusa uhranjenosti i sastava tijela. Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 402 učenika, polaznika četvrtih razreda osnovnih škola Zadarske županije. Temeljem 6 morfoloških mjera izračunati su pokazatelji statusa uhranjenosti i sastava tijela (indeks tjelesne mase, indeks za procjenu rizičnog tipa pretilosti, subskapularno tricipitalni indeks i % masti), a unos pojedinih makronutrijenata procijenjen je FFQ upitnikom frekvencija za procjenu unosa hrane i nutrijenata. Izračunati su osnovni deskriptivni parametri, testirana je normalnost distribucije, a za definiranje funkcionalne veze pokazatelja statusa uhranjenosti i sastava tijela, te unosa pojedinih makronutrijenata, primijenjena je regresijska analiza. Rezultati: Prosječni dnevni energetski unos učenika (2132,56±703,99 kcal/dan) odgovara preporučenom dnevnom unosu energije s obzirom na dob ispitanika, dok je prosječni dnevni energetski unos učenica (2110,14±760,77 kcal/dan) nešto viši od preporučenoga. Učenice unose nešto više proteina i masti od preporučenog dnevnog unosa, dok učenici unose nešto manje ugljikohidrata. Na uzorku učenika nema značajne povezanosti apsolutnog unosa pojedinih makronutrijenata i pokazatelja statusa uhranjenosti i sastava tijela, dok je kod učenica dobivena značajna negativna povezanost unosa proteina sa sumom kožnih nabora (β=-0,42) i značajna pozitivna povezanost unosa masti s opsegom trbuha (β=0,46). Zaključak: Prosječni dnevni energetski unos ispitanika diferencira se s obzirom na spol, kao i povezanost unosa pojedinih makronutrijenata s pokazateljima statusa uhranjenosti. Prekomjerni unos pojedinih makronutrijenata može doprinijeti porastu pojedinih pokazatelja statusa uhranjenosti i sastava tijela, a značajne povezanosti upućuju na zaključak da kvalitetna i ravnomjerna prehrana može značajno pridonijeti boljem statusu uhranjenosti ispitanika
Objective: A quality diet, which includes a balanced intake of nutrients and protective substances, is one of the prerequisites for preventing obesity and preserving the health of the individual. The aim of this study was to determine the intake of individual macronutrients of younger school-aged students, and to establish whether there is a relationship between the intake of individual macronutrients and indicators of nutritional status and body composition. Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 402 fourth-grade students of primary schools in Zadar County. Indicators of nutritional status and body composition were calculated on the basis of 6 morphological measures (Body Mass Index, Waist to Hip Ratio, Waist Circumference, Subscapular Tricipital Index and % of body fat). The intake of individual macronutrients was assessed using the FFQ frequency questionnaire for assessing food and nutrient intake. The basic descriptive parameters were calculated, and regression analysis was used to define the functional relationship between indicators of nutritional status and body composition and intake of individual macronutrients. Results: The average daily energy intake of students (2132.56±703.99 kcal/day) corresponds to the recommended daily energy intake considering the age of the subjects, while the average daily energy intake of female students (2110.14±760.77 kcal/day) is higher than recommended. Female students consume slightly more protein and fat than the recommended daily intake, while male students consume slightly less carbohydrates. In the sample of male students, there was no significant relationship between absolute intake of individual macronutrients and indicators of nutritional status and body composition, while on a sample of female students, a significant negative relationship of protein intake with the sum of skin folds was obtained (β=-0.42) and a significant positive correlation of fat intake with Waist Circumference was obtained (β=0.46). Conclusion: The average daily energy intake of the respondents differs with regard to gender, as well as the relationship between the intake of certain macronutrients and indicators of nutritional status. Excessive intake of individual macronutrients can contribute to the increase of certain indicators of nutritional status and body composition, and the significant relationship point to the conclusion that a highquality and balanced diet can significantly contribute to a better nutritional status of the subjects.
