Halfeti, posta sulla riva dell’Eufrate, è una piccola città nel sud-est della Turchia. Il centro storico è situato sul pendio roccioso a partire dalle rive del fiume. L’architettura vernacolare segue ...la topografia lungo il ripido pendio. Strade strette si incurvano tra case in pietra, composte da due-tre piani con giardino, formando una composizione architettonica tradizionale. Con la costruzione della diga di Birecik nel 1999, quasi metà della città storica è stata sommersa e la maggioranza della popolazione locale fu riallocata dallo Stato in un nuovo sito. Quest’area, a 10 km dal centro storico, è stata bruscamente trasformata da zona rurale a nuovo centro della città. D’altra parte, la città vecchia si è recentemente trasformata in un’attrazione turistica, a causa di questi marcati cambiamenti e l’amministrazione comunale ne ha approfittato per trasformare nuovamente la città. In breve tempo, grazie alle strategie di sviluppo economico orientato al turismo, le case tradizionali sono state trasformate in albergo e sono stati fondati nuovi poli ricreativi e sportivi sulla riva del lago. Con l’aiuto di queste misure comunali, Halfeti nel 2013 è diventata Cittaslow. Ciò ha sembrato rivitalizzare la città, ma non ha rallentato i cambiamenti, continuando nell’abbandono delle tradizioni. In sintesi, questo lavoro, condotto attraverso la letteratura e indagini in loco, punta a sottolineare come una città si scontri con i drammatici cambiamenti provocati dalle decisioni imposte dallo Stato e come si possa riformare grazie a nuove strategie, valutandone le qualità e le criticità. An Underwater Town in Turkey: Halfeti Halfeti, located on the shore of the Euphrates River, is a small town in southeast Turkey. The historic centre of town is situated on a rocky slope starting from the banks of the river. Along the steep incline, vernacular architecture, formed by 2-3 storey limestone masonry houses with courtyards, clambers up, being compatible to the topography. However, after construction of the Birecik Dam in 1999, almost half of the historic town was submerged and majority of local people were settled in a new area by the state. The new area, 10 km far from the old centre, was transformed from a rural area to the new town centre . However, old town has recently been turned into a touristic attraction because of these dramatic changes. Local authorities regarded this as an opportunity to develop the town once again. In record time, traditional houses were turned into guest houses, recreational activities and water sports facilities were established on the lakeshore by adopting tourism-oriented development strategies. Halfeti became a Cittaslow in 2013 via these municipal measures. Being a Cittaslow seems to have revitalized town, but not decelerated change nor recall its past. Briefly, this paper, the result of literature research and on site investigations, aims to show how a town has struggled with dramatic changes caused by state-led decisions and thereafter shaped itself with new strategies.
Large trees are considered keystone structures in agricultural and forestry production landscapes, but research demonstrating this in urban landscapes is urgently needed. If large trees are keystone ...structures in urban parks, it is imperative that this is recognized in policy to ensure their ongoing existence. We studied the role of large native trees for birds in urban parks in Canberra, Australia. We found that (1) large trees had a consistent, strong, and positive relationship with five measures of bird diversity, and (2) as trees became larger in size, their positive effect on bird diversity increased. Large urban trees are therefore keystone structures that provide crucial habitat resources for wildlife. Hence, it is vital that they are managed appropriately. With evidence‐based tree preservation policies that recognize biodiversity values, and proactive planning for future large trees, the protection and perpetuation of these important keystone structures can be achieved.
•A method to support energy retrofitting of historic districts is proposed.•The method is suitable for early-stages of the process and based on a CityGML model.•The method balances benefits in energy ...performance with negative impact on heritage.•The method considers also the economic assessment and applicability of the measures.•CityGML is enriched with cultural and energy domain extensions.
The demand for improving the energy performance of buildings located in the historic districts of cities is as high as the current demand in other city districts. The need to reduce energy consumption and improve the comfort of inhabitants is compounded by the need to preserve an environment of heritage value. The selection of rehabilitation strategies at urban scale offers significant benefits, but makes the process long and costly. Therefore, methods or tools are necessary to establish a rapid assessment that facilitates strategic decision making and a deeper analysis of a reduced number of alternatives.
This paper describes a method that supports decision making regarding the suitability of Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) in historic districts at early stages. The method considers the improvement of the energy performance of buildings as a positive impact, balanced with the negative impacts that the implementation of ECMs could produce. A CityGML-based urban model allows the automation of a multi-scale assessment for different ECMs and provides possible global energy demand reductions. This method, combined with an economic evaluation, can be used by decision makers for large-scale energy retrofitting. The applicability of the method is demonstrated through implementation in the historic city of Santiago de Compostela.
This paper is a model for the Tourism and Culture-led Revitalization in valuable areas which makes special emphasize on revitalizing the waterfront of Saida. To revitalize valuable areas, countries ...are attempting to attract new activities; a key new activity has been tourism and associated culture activities. Strategies for tourism and culture-led revitalization have encouraged the exploitation of the area's historic legacy for tourist development. Such development has usually meant a partial or extensive restructuring of the area's economic base. Saida has been a major touristic city but it lost its regional importance because of lack of touristic and entertaining facilities. Therefore, in order to encourage the tourism in Saida and to fully exploit the sea which is the most important feature in the city, we suggest that there must be a new building complex to fulfill the above needs by making a new maritime portal and a 5 stars Hotel in order to activate the urban tourism. Moreover, it sheds light on the weak points of the Lebanese local tourism and it suggests a new solution to develop the official economical governmental income. It develops a methodology based on a specific site analysis working on the proposed urban tissue of Saida.
Urban experiences are increasing in popularity every day. In these experiences sensory elements are significant, and a review of the urban environment, in which visual perceptions have prevailed in ...the past, would demonstrate that other senses are important as well. As Le Corbusier remarked, urban experiences can be achieved by walking with a wide perspective. In the present study scent walks were conducted to reveal the significance of the scent factor in urban experience. As a result of these walks, the existing scents in Kastamonu city, the role of the scents in urban memory, and their effects on individuals were determined, thus emphasizing the significance of scents for urban planning and design.
Since the 1970s, the components of the modern urban conservation apparatus in Iran have been arranged based on international mainstream models. Taking this background into consideration, this ...contribution reviews how the Iranian administrative-academic apparatus of urban conservation has utilised collective identity-driven desires to maintain its function over different periods. Here, official urban conservation is conceptualised as an assemblage of human/non-human elements that has continuously created and consumed the need for attaining original (Iranian) approaches to urban conservation. As a recent example of this phenomenon, the debate on the application of the pre-Islamic concept of Iranshahr in contemporary urban conservation is discussed. Data sources such as news, legal documents, academic publications, interviews, public meetings, and urban settings are used to show how the official urban conservation generally works in Iran. In conclusion, the author experiments with viewing the role of the collective identity-driven desires in the Iranian urban conservation apparatus from a deleuzoguattarian perspective.
Pollinator welfare is a recognized research and policy target, and urban greenspaces have been identified as important habitats. Yet, landscape‐scale habitat fragmentation and greenspace management ...practices may limit a city's conservation potential. We examined how landscape configuration, composition, and local patch quality influenced insect nesting success across inner‐city Cleveland, Ohio (U.S.A.), a postindustrial legacy city containing a high abundance of vacant land (over 1600 ha). Here, 40 vacant lots were assigned 1 of 5 habitat treatments (T1, vacant lot; T2, grass lawn; T3, flowering lawn; T4, grass prairie; and T5, flowering prairie), and we evaluated how seeded vegetation, greenspace size, and landscape connectivity influenced cavity‐nesting bee and wasp reproduction. Native bee and wasp larvae were more abundant in landscapes that contained a large patch (i.e., >6 ha) of contiguous greenspace, in habitats with low plant biomass, and in vacant lots seeded with a native wildflower seed mix or with fine‐fescue grass, suggesting that fitness was influenced by urban landscape features and habitat management. Our results can guide urban planning by demonstrating that actions that maintain large contiguous greenspace in the landscape and establish native plants would support the conservation of bees and wasps. Moreover, our study highlights that the world's estimated 350 legacy cities are promising urban conservation targets due to their high abundance of vacant greenspace that could accommodate taxa's habitat needs in urban areas.
Efectos de la Configuración de Espacios Verdes Urbanos y la Vegetación Nativa sobre la Reproducción de Abejas y Avispas
Resumen
El bienestar de los polinizadores es un objetivo reconocido de la investigación y las políticas, y los espacios verdes urbanos han sido identificados como hábitats importantes para esto. Aun así, la fragmentación de hábitat a escala de paisaje y las prácticas de manejo de los espacios verdes pueden limitar el potencial de conservación de una ciudad. Analizamos cómo la configuración del paisaje, la composición y la calidad del fragmento local influyen sobre el éxito de anidación de los insectos a lo largo del casco urbano de Cleveland, Ohio (E.U.A.), una ciudad con legado postindustrial que contiene una abundancia alta de terrenos baldíos (más de 1,600 ha). En este estudio, se les asignó a 40 lotes baldíos uno de cinco tratamientos de hábitat (T1, lote baldío; T2, jardín de césped; T3, jardín con flores; T4, pradera de césped; T5, pradera con flores) y evaluamos cómo la vegetación sembrada, el tamaño del espacio verde y la conectividad del paisaje influyeron sobre la reproducción de abejas y avispas que anidan en cavidades. Las larvas de abejas y avispas nativas fueron más abundantes en los paisajes con un fragmento grande de espacio verde contiguo (es decir, >6 ha), en hábitats con baja biomasa vegetal y en lotes baldíos con sembrados de una mezcla de flores silvestres nativas y césped de festuca fina, lo que sugiere que la aptitud estuvo influenciada por las características del paisaje urbano y el manejo del hábitat. Nuestros resultados pueden guiar a la planeación urbana mediante la demostración de acciones que mantienen un gran espacio verde contiguo dentro del paisaje y establecer que las plantas nativas podrían apoyar en la conservación de abejas y avispas. Además, nuestro estudio resalta que las 350 ciudades de legado postindustrial estimadas son objetivos prometedores de conservación debido a la alta abundancia que presentan de espacio verde vacante, el cual podría acomodar las necesidades de hábitat de los taxones en las áreas urbanas.
Rapid economic growth in China has resulted in the revitalization of historic Chinese ethnic towns, impacting their spatial and renowned integrity. This study focuses on Dukezong Old Town (Domkhar ...Rdzong), a traditional Tibetan settlement in the southernmost Tibetan cultural region, to examine its historical revolutions under modern urban renewal. The study begins by highlighting the historic significance of the “Rdzong” to establish the core essence of Dukezong as a Tibetan traditional Rdzong-Shan settlement. Furthermore, spatial-dynamic analysis was conducted to demonstrate how the urban construction process has contributed to the diminishing presence of “Rdzong.” The findings indicate that urban renewal efforts in Dukezong have accelerated the deterioration of its historic urban form and diminished its original residential function. Drawing from Pre-existing Theory, strategies are proposed that involve preserving Rdzong’s traditional space without physical objects and sustaining Rdzong’s residential function to reinvigorate Dukezong’s distinctive cultural heritage. This study emphasizes the significance of recognizing a region’s historic significance, functions, and urban morphology in revitalizing historic towns inhabited by ethnic minorities. Moreover, it offers valuable insights into the relationship between urban preservation and renewal in other historic towns.
This paper aimed to discuss urban conservation challenges along the axes of two streets in the neighborhood of Yenikapı leading towards Kumkapı. The Yenikapı area of the historic peninsula of ...Istanbul is known to have been inhabited since prehistoric times, and it was the site of an important late antiquity port. Many cultural assets, including monuments from a number of periods and nineteenth century houses, remain in the area, but jarring changes have occurred due to newly built constructions, town planning decisions, and the development of public transport. Before any proposal for future area conservation activities, the current state of conservation was inspected through onsite analyses conducted along Paşazade, İmrahor Hamamı, and Sepetçi Selim streets. By analyzing the pressures affecting the historical peninsula, the challenges in the conservation effort of the study area were determined, followed by some proposals for its enhancement and general conservation.
The paper stems from the studio of Urban Preservation-Conservation for Graduate Studies Programme, which was run between February and June 2019 under the coordination of the authors. Highlighting the value of the cultural heritage and historic importance of the area, revitalization to preserve the urban character was suggested. The current state of conservation was investigated through recent onsite analyses, one of the most important tasks in understanding the integrity and authenticity of the area.
Many historical cities in China are facing exceptional pressures for redevelopment and other changes because of the growth of the market-oriented economy over the past three to four decades. Urban ...conservation in China, which is influenced by Western experiences, has its own characteristics. Both its theory and practice reflect the distinctive philosophical and cultural traditions and the political-economic conditions of the country. The retrospect development of urban conservation in China, from an international comparative perspective, aims to generate a more systematic and critical understanding of the differences and links between urban conservation in China and that being in the West. Although considerable effort has been devoted to reconciling authentic conservation and the demands for growth in China, a more adaptable and historically sensitive framework for future urban change is slow to develop. Focusing on UNESCO's historic urban landscape recommendation and issues over its recent implementation in China, the paper intends to form a basis for future research, in which the theoretical, institutional, and practical aspects of urban conservation can be further improved, both in China and international context.
•Providing a comprehensive review of the development of urban conservation in China.•Discussing the differences and links between urban conservation in China and that in the West.•Exploring challenges and opportunities in using the concept of historic urban landscape in the context of China.
PDF
