The global video-on-demand (VOD) market is experiencing drastic change due to the rise of over-the-top (OTT) services such as Netflix and YouTube. Traditional Pay TV service providers such as ...internet protocol television (IPTV) operators and cable TV providers are making efforts to cope with such changes. One of the ways for such providers to remain competitive is to use the proper service models of VODs and the download-to-own (DTO) model can be a very attractive service model for IPTV operators. While many previous studies have examined VOD success, there is a lack of research on the factors that influence VOD success for the DTO model. Thus, this study examined the characteristics of movie VODs as the determinants of DTO performance in the Korean VOD market by analyzing 433 movies offered in 2017 and 2018 via SK Broadband VOD platforms, a major IPTV operator in Korea. The results indicate that G-rated movies, sequel movies, movies with fandom, and those with popular original soundtrack (OST) are likely to have higher sales via a DTO model than other movies. This study provides practical implications for Pay TV service providers, VOD platforms, movie producers, and governments.
•The download-to-own (DTO) model can be a very attractive service model for IPTV operators.•This study examined the characteristics of movie VODs as the determinants of DTO performance in the Korean VOD market.•This study analyzed 433 movies offered in 2017 and 2018 via SK Broadband VOD platforms, a major IPTV operator in Korea.•G-rated movies, sequels, and movies with fandom and with popular OST are likely to have higher sales via a DTO model.
IPTV service providers offering Video-on-Demand currently use servers at each metropolitan office to store all the videos in their library. With the rapid increase in library sizes, it will soon ...become infeasible to replicate the entire library at each office. We present an approach for intelligent content placement that scales to large library sizes (e.g., 100 Ks of videos). We formulate the problem as a mixed integer program (MIP) that takes into account constraints such as disk space, link bandwidth, and content popularity. To overcome the challenges of scale, we employ a Lagrangian relaxation-based decomposition technique combined with integer rounding. Our technique finds a near-optimal solution (e.g., within 1%-2%) with orders of magnitude speedup relative to solving even the linear programming (LP) relaxation via standard software. We also present simple strategies to address practical issues such as popularity estimation, content updates, short-term popularity fluctuation, and frequency of placement updates. Using traces from an operational system, we show that our approach significantly outperforms simpler placement strategies. For instance, our MIP-based solution can serve all requests using only half the link bandwidth used by least recently used (LRU) or least frequently used (LFU) cache replacement policies. We also investigate the tradeoff between disk space and network bandwidth.
Internet media content delivery started to emerge roughly a decade ago, and it has subsequently had a major impact on network traffic and usage. Although traditional client-server systems were used ...initially for delivering media content, researchers and practitioners soon realized that peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, due to their self-scaling properties, had the potential to improve scalability compared with traditional client-server architectures. Consequently, various P2P media streaming systems have been deployed successfully, and corresponding theoretical investigations have been performed on such systems. The rapid developments in this field raise the need for up-to-date literature surveys to summarize them. In recent years, numerous technological discoveries have been achieved. The focus of this report is to survey and discuss these new findings, which include new technological developments, as well as new understandings of these developments and of the existing P2P streaming techniques, through both novel modeling methodologies and measurement-based studies.
Interoception, or the process of receiving, accessing and appraising internal bodily signals, is critical for health and well-being. However, people can sometimes become unaware of bodily sensations, ...for instance when they experience embodiment over a virtual body from a third person perspective (3PP) during a body illusion. Here, it was investigated to what degree playing videogames in which an avatar is controlled from a 3PP is similarly associated with a reduction in awareness of bodily sensations, and whether such effects are amplified when embodiment over the virtual body is stronger. Watching video on demand was selected as a conservative control condition. 142 participants who frequently played videogames and frequently watched video-on-demand (VoD; at least once a week) in longer sessions (at least 2 h) completed a survey in which they answered questions about reduced awareness of bodily sensations while playing videogames or watching VoD. As predicted, playing videogames was associated with various forms of reduced awareness of bodily signals, such as being unaware of tiredness and getting less sleep, and this reduced awareness was stronger than when people watch VoD. In addition, as predicted, degree of embodiment was positively related to the amount of reduced awareness, and this relation was descriptively stronger for the VG than the VoD condition. These results show that people may indeed become less aware of bodily sensations such as energy level or sleep when they play videogames. Considerations for health are discussed.
•Playing videogames is associated with reduced awareness of bodily sensations.•Reduced awareness of bodily sensations was stronger after playing videogames than after watching video-on-demand.•Degree of embodiment over an avatar is positively related to the amount of reduced awareness.•Reduced awareness of bodily sensations includes, but is not limited to, hunger, thirst and tiredness.
Recently, many video-on-demand (VoD) providers have begun storing multiple versions of the same video to offer multiple-quality video services with different bitrates to users, called multi-version ...VoD. To improve users' quality of experience (QoE), it is a good idea to cache videos at edge servers in multi-version VoD systems. However, determining which versions of which videos should be cached or replaced in an edge server is still a major challenge for a multi-version VoD system because of its limited cache storage. In this paper, we propose a popularity-based and version-aware caching scheme (PVCS) at edge servers for multi-version VoD systems. First, based on video popularity, we formulate cache placement as a knapsack problem under constraints such as the cache storage and transcoding computation of the edge server, which aims to maximize the cache hit ratio. Second, we use the transcoding relations among versions to calculate a version-aware caching profit when caching a certain version or multiple versions of a video. The version-aware caching profit is the basis for the subsequent cache replacement algorithm. Third, we propose two algorithms, the video cache placement (VCP) algorithm and the video cache replacement (VCrP) algorithm, to solve the cache placement and replacement problems respectively. VCP utilizes the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm to decide which video files should be cached initially, and VCrP decides which video files cached at the edge server will be replaced dynamically based on the version-aware profit. In this way, the PVCS can improve the cache hit ratio and decrease the average start-up delay. Our simulation results have shown that the PVCS outperforms the other schemes in terms of the cache hit ratio and the average start-up delay.
In traditional VoD streaming architecture like P2Cast, a parent node for an incoming child node gets selected based on bandwidth-first and local-information-first principles. But since they do not ...take node behavior into account, they are bound to experience more performance issues because of the high-probabilistic peer departures. To mitigate this, we proposed an efficient parent selection algorithm that extends the previous approaches and considers VCR functionalities like jump and seek-jump to select the parent. Additionally, we addressed the issues with the stream retrieval mechanism of traditional architectures and came up with efficient alternatives to prevent the system from entering bottleneck situations. This paper introduces the use of formal methods to analyze video streaming and Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC) to capture the stochastic behavior of the nodes and design models. Later, we examined the performance of the proposed system with behavioral analysis and compared the results to traditional benchmarks. We found that our proposed approach improves the overall stability of the nodes, thus the entire network by up to 99% compared to the traditional parent selection mechanism, where node behaviour was not taken into account. We firmly believe that adopting this approach has the potential to bring about a substantial enhancement in both the quality of user experience and the overall robustness of existing Video-on-Demand (VoD) streaming services. This transformative methodology holds the promise of revolutionizing the way consumer electronics manage streaming content, thereby enhancing its accessibility, efficiency, and integration with the tactile Internet for a broader spectrum of users.
Leveraging the development of mobile communication technologies and increased capabilities of mobile devices, mobile multimedia services have set new trends. To support high-quality Video-on-Demand ...(VoD) in mobile wireless networks, using virtual community-based approaches to balance the efficiency of content sharing and maintenance cost of performance-aware solutions has attracted increasing research interest. In this paper, we propose a novel Performance-aware Mobile Community-based VoD streaming solution over vehicular ad hoc networks (PMCV). PMCV relies on a newly designed mobile community detection scheme and an innovative community member management mechanism. The former employs a novel fuzzy ant-inspired clustering algorithm and an innovative mobility similarity estimation model to group together the mobile users with similar behavior in terms of playback and movement into mobile communities. The latter introduces the role and task of members, member join and leave, collaborative store and search for resources, and replacement of a broker member. Simulation-based testing shows how PMCV outperforms another state-of-the-art solution in terms of performance.
Video-on-demand streaming services have gained popularity over the past few years. An increase in the speed of the access networks has also led to a larger number of users watching videos online. ...Online video streaming traffic is estimated to further increase from the current value of 57% to 69% by 2017, Cisco, 2014. In order to retain the existing users and attract new users, service providers attempt to satisfy the user's expectations and provide a satisfactory viewing experience. The first step toward providing a satisfactory service is to be able to quantify the users' perception of the current service level. Quality of experience (QoE) is a quality metric that provides a holistic measure of the users' perception of the quality. In this survey, we first present a tutorial overview of the popular video streaming techniques deployed for stored videos, followed by identifying various metrics that could be used to quantify the QoE for video streaming services; finally, we present a comprehensive survey of the literature on various tools and measurement methodologies that have been proposed to measure or predict the QoE of online video streaming services.
TV aberta e streaming gratuito Greco, Clarice; Borges Vieira, Erick
Comunicação, Mídia e Consumo,
08/2023, Letnik:
20, Številka:
58
Journal Article
Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a oferta gratuita de TV sob demanda, a partir de estudo de caso das plataformas de streaming do SBT, ambas gratuitas: o site SBT Vídeos e o canal no ...YouTube SBT Online. Iniciamos com reflexões sobre os riscos e as vantagens da oferta gratuita via YouTube. Em seguida, analisamos as duas iniciativas e suas especificidades, que apontam para estratégias e públicos distintos, especialmente no que diz respeito às opções de navegação, à forma de distribuição dos conteúdos e às possibilidades de interação dos usuários. Entre os principais resultados, destacamos a necessidade de olhar crítico sobre a distribuição de conteúdo digital na sociedade de plataforma, a particularidade do site SBT Vídeos de individualização do consumo e os canais do SBT no YouTube como possibilitadores de interação e experiência coletiva.
Value--Establish the European model for the regulation of the advance financing of European works for the video on demand segment to know if it can be a model for States which hasn 't regulated yet ...this segment (such as Brazil). Importancia del texto--Establecer cual es el modelo europeo de regulacion de la financiacion anticipada de obras europeas para el segmento de video bajo demanda para saber si puede ser modelo para Estados que aun no regulan ese segmento (como Brasil).
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