The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the winter stonefly, Capnia zijinshana (Plecoptera: Capniidae), was sequenced and compared with other stoneflies. The mitogenome of C. zijinshana is ...16,310bp long and contains 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a control region (CR). The gene arrangement of C. zijinshana and other 12 stonefly mitogenomes is identical with the putative ancestral mitogenome in Drosophila yakuba. Twenty-one of the 22 tRNAs in the C. zijinshana mitogenome could be folded into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, while the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm of trnS (AGN) was missing. The 1513-bp control region of C. zijinshana contained two potential stem-loop structures and a tandem repeat region. The phylogenetic relationships of 13 species from Plecoptera were analyzed based on the nucleotide sequences of 13 PCGs. The phylogenetic relationships among 13 stoneflies and two mayflies were inferred by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. C. zijinshana was grouped with another two winter stoneflies, Mesocapnia arizonensis and Apteroperla tikumana. The two analyses both supported the close relationship of Pteronarcyidae and Chloroperlidae, and also supported the sister-group relationship of Styloperlidae and Perlidae.
Display omitted
•Capnia zijinshana mitogenome was the only complete mitogenome of the three sequenced species of the family Capniidae.•The control region of Capnia zijinshana had two stem-loops and a tandem repeat region.•Both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses confirmed the close relationship among the three Capniid species.
Isocapnia mogila, a rare winter stonefly, is found in good numbers in Humboldt County, California. In the 50 years since this species was described, very few specimens were recorded from only 4 sites ...in California and Oregon. Emergence seems to be higher in the fall and early winter than in the late winter and spring.
PDF