Objective Objective To explore the role of the Er: YAG laser in periodontal surgery. Methods Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis in two quadrants were selected for this study. One quadrant was ...subjected to pure periodontal flap surgery, whereas the other was subjected to flap surgery with an adjunctive Er: YAG laser. The preoperative and 3 ⁃ and 6 ⁃ month postoperative clinical parameters, including the probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, plaque index, gingival index and tooth mobility, were recorded. Results Significant differences were not observed between the open flap surgery + Er: YAG laser⁃assisted treatment group and the open flap surgery group except for the gingival index after 3 months (0.36 ± 0.26 vs. 0.58 ± 0.29, t＝3.831, P < 0.001) and 6 months (0.60 ± 0.23 vs. 0.83 ± 0.22, t＝4.013, P < 0.001). Conclusion Er:YAG as an auxiliary treatment for periodontal flaps, does not significantly reduce the depth of periodontal pockets, nor could it improve the clinical adhesio
Objective To explore the effects of Er: YAG lasers with different pulse energies and of Er: YAG lasers combined with Duraphat on dentine surface morphology and the dentinal tubule exposure rate, ...thereby providing a theo⁃ retical basis and parameters for clinically treating dentine hypersensitivity with Er: YAG lasers. Methods Dentinal tu⁃ bule exposure models were divided into five groups, namely, group A (single Er: YAG laser exposure), group B (Du⁃ raphat+ Er: YAG laser), and group C (Er: YAG laser+Duraphat), which were exposed to 6 levels of pulse energy (80 mJ/ P⁃ 250 mJ/P), and experimental control group D (Duraphat group) and blank control group E. Scanning electron micros⁃ copy was used to observe dentine surface morphology and dentinal tubule closure in these groups, and Image⁃Pro Plus 6.0 software was used for image analysis to measure the exposure rates of the five groups of dentinal tubules. Results The dentinal tubule exposure rates for the A⁃D groups were significantly lower than that of the E gr
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare
penetration depth of sodium hypochlorite into dentinal tubules after passive
ultrasonic agitation or ER; YAG activated irrigant.Materials and ...Methods: Twenty-four single rooted human
mature mandibular premolars were decoronated and accessed. After locating the
apex and determining the working length, preparation of root canal was done up
to #35 file using Mtwo system and with 5.25 NaOCl irrigation. Teeth were then
sealed apically with wax and submerged in a crystal violet dye for 48 hours to
stain dentin. NaOCl Irrigation was activated with either Ultrasonic or ER;YAG laser.
Specimens were sectioned longitudinally and depth of bleached zone was
evaluated under a stereomicroscope 40X.Results: Penetration depth was significantly
higher in overall root canal in ultrasonic group than ER; YAG laser group (P=.000).
In ER;YAG Laser group, the highest penetration depth was in the coronal third
followed by middle and third, with significant difference between apical third
and both middle and coronal thirds (P=.009, .003 respectively), and no
significant difference between middle and coronal thirds (P=.083).
Highest penetration depth was seen
in middle third for no significant deference in penetration depth between the
three thirds of the root canal activated with Ultrasonic (P=.664). Conclusion: ultrasonic activation can lead to more NaOCl
penetration into dentinal tubules than activation with ER;YAG.
Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common tumor-like growth of the oral cavity, considered to be of non-neoplastic nature, often caused by constant low-grade trauma as well as poor oral hygiene and maybe ...due to hormonal disturbances. Surgical excision, and removal of underlying cause in some cases, is the preferred method of treatment as it is only a benign lesion.In order to remove this lesion, scalpel, cryosurgery and laser are used. Currently different lasers, with adequate parameters, are used for the surgery of PG, which include CO2 (Carbon Dioxide Laser), Nd:YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), Diode and Er Family amongst others. In this present case, due to the proximity of the lesion with dental hard tissue, Er:YAG (Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser appears to be the more appropriate laser. The application of Laser is also a newly recommended technique. The aim of this study is to assess the stages of treatment, recovery and recurrence of PG when the Er:YAG laser is used. Furthermore this study aims to also evaluate the friendliness of this method with regards to the surgeon (therapist).
A 24-year-old female was referred to the Laser Research Center of Dentistry of Tehran University of Medical Sciences with a complaint of gingival overgrowth and bleeding. This lesion was in the buccal and palatal side of the 5 and 6 maxillary teeth. Treatment plan included an excisional biopsy of the lesion using Er:YAG laser (3W, 300mJ, 10Hz, Short pulse, with contact headpiece). The bones were then cleaned of soft tissue before being smoothed using a curette. The excised specimen was preserved and sent for histopathological examination.
The patient reported no pain after surgery and did not use any systemic antibiotics. The patient was satisfied after the surgery. Chlorhexidine mouthwash was given to the patient. Pathology results confirmed Pyogenic granuloma.After 2 weeks, complete healing was observed. The 9-month follow-up was also carried out in order to check the process of healing as well as the recurrence.
Excisional surgery is the preferred treatment method for PG. The application of laser can be considered as an effective and safe technique for excision of this lesion with minimal invasion and many clinical advantages such as less intra-operative bleeding, hemostasis and reduced pain and times of healing.
Severe periodontitis is challenging to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combined Er:YAG laser (ERL) and Nd:YAG laser (NDL) in non-surgical treatment for severe ...periodontitis. One week after supragingival scaling, 32 systemically healthy patients with stage III or IV periodontitis were randomly divided into a control group (16 subjects) and a test group (16 subjects). The control group was treated by scaling and root planning (SRP) with ultrasonic equipment and manual instruments, and the test group was treated by SRP as well as ERL and NDL. Before treatment, the following clinical parameters were recorded at baseline: debris index (DI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP %). Two months after therapy, the clinical parameters were recorded again, and the results between the groups were compared. All clinical parameters were significantly improved in both groups after therapy. For moderately deep periodontal pockets (4 mm ≤ PD ≤ 6 mm), the gains in CAL were greater in the test group (1.17 ± 1.47 mm) than in the control group (0.46 ± 2.78 mm), while no significant difference was found for PD reductions after therapy between the two groups. For deep periodontal pockets (PD > 6 mm), the differences in all of the clinical parameters were similar between the test group and the control group. In this short-term study, ERL and NDL radiation exhibited potential advantages in improving the clinical attachment level compared to conventional SRP in the non-surgical treatment of severe periodontitis.
Objective To investigate different Er:YAG laser power settings on the bonding properties of IPS e.max CAD ceramics. Methods 96 IPS e.max CAD ceramics blocks (5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm) were prepared and ...randomly di⁃ vided into 8 groups (n = 12), the untreated blocks served as the control, while one of the experimental groups was treat⁃ ed with 4.5% HF for 20 seconds, six remaining test group (C、D、E、F、G、H) were treated with different Er: YAG laser power settings: 100 mJ、200 mJ、300 mJ、400 mJ、500 mJ and 600 mJ. Morphology of the ceramic surface was observed by atomic force microscopy and its shear bond strength (SBS) was tested. Results Higher shear bond strength values were found in group C⁃H compared to group B, the highest is group F (24.12 ± 1.91) MPa. The difference was statistical⁃ ly significant. The atomic force microscope observation of the surface structure showed that the control group was smooth and flat, and the HF⁃like etching group formed a uniform needle⁃like convex structure. The laser group gradual⁃ l
The aim of this study is to compare needling (RF-needling, meso-needling, micro-needling) and ablative fractional lasers (CO
2
, erbium-YAG) in the treatment of atrophic and hypertrophic scars in a ...systematic review. The database was searched, and 10 articles were selected that were relevant in terms of content, topic, and purpose and met the inclusion criteria. Of all the articles reviewed in this study, there were 2 randomized split-face trials (20%), 1 controlled nonrandomized trial (10%), 1 controlled randomized phase III clinical trial (10%), 1 prospective trial (10%), 1 prospective nonrandomized open-label trial (10%), and 1 randomized comparative trial (10%), with the type of study not reported in 3 articles. We used Endnote X8 to review the articles and extract data. After review, the studies were analyzed and categorized. No statistically significant difference was found between the two methods, laser and micro-needling, in the treatment of atrophic and hypertrophic scars in 60% of the articles studied, and both showed significant improvement (70% or more improvement to complete response). Significant improvement was noted in 20% of the studies reviewed for the laser and micro-needling treatment methods. The results of this study show that needling and ablative fractional lasers are tolerable and safe procedures with no significant difference in the treatment of skin scars in sixty percent of the studies.
An Er:YAG laser coupled with a cooling stream of water effectively removes dental hard tissues. However, before such a system can be deemed clinically viable, some safety and efficacy issues must be ...addressed. We compared the bonding of composite to dentin following the preparation of the dentinal surface with either an Er:YAG laser (A = 2.94 pm) or a standard dental bur and with and without a subsequent acid-etching treatment. The crowns of extracted human molars were removed, revealing the underlying dentin. We removed an additional thickness of material with either a dental handpiece or an Er:YAG laser (350 mj/pulse at 6 Hz) by raster-scanning the samples under a fixed handpiece or laser. Comparable surface roughnesses were obtained. Several samples from each group received an acid-conditioning treatment. A cylinder of composite was bonded onto the prepared surfaces. The dentin-composite bond was then shear-stressed to failure on a universal testing apparatus. The results indicate that laser-irradiated samples had improved bond strengths compared with acid-etched and handpiece controls. SEM photographs of the surfaces show exposed tubules following the laser treatment; tubules could also be exposed with acid etching. We conclude that Er:YAG laser preparation of dentin leaves a suitable surface for strong bonding of an applied composite material.
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