The List Sorting Working Memory Test was designed to assess working memory (WM) as part of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. List Sorting is a sequencing task requiring children and adults to sort ...and sequence stimuli that are presented visually and auditorily. Validation data are presented for 268 participants ages 20 to 85 years. A subset of participants (N=89) was retested 7 to 21 days later. As expected, the List Sorting Test had moderately high correlations with other measures of working memory and executive functioning (convergent validity) but a low correlation with a test of receptive vocabulary (discriminant validity). Furthermore, List Sorting demonstrates expected changes over the age span and has excellent test-retest reliability. Collectively, these results provide initial support for the construct validity of the List Sorting Working Memory Measure as a measure of working memory. However, the relationship between the List Sorting Test and general executive function has yet to be determined.
CD4 assists in T cell recognition of peptides bound to MHC class II molecules by binding to a non-polymorphic region on class II and stabilizing TCR recognition of the peptide-class II complex. ...Overexpression of CD4 in transgenic mice expressing a class II-restricted TCR resulted in a dramatic loss of thymocytes that became evident soon after the TCR and CD4 were co-expressed. Both the thymus and lymph nodes of the double-transgenic mice had reduced numbers of CD4 lineage T cells. A large proportion of the remaining CD4 lineage T cells lost either the transgenic TCR alpha or beta chains. The double-transgenic mice continued to generate thymocytes and T cells that expressed the transgenic TCR, but these cells did not express endogenous CD4. Overexpression of CD4 thus severely disrupts the normal developmental pathway of these thymocytes, supporting a model in which avidity of the TCR complex for self class II molecules determines the outcome of thymocyte development.
Kapal penangkapan ikan adalah kapal yang secara khusus digunakan untuk menangkap ikan termasuk menampung, mengangkut, menyimpan, mendinginkan atau mengawetkan. Perencanaan kapal penangkapan ikan yang ...baik dalam industri perikanan diharapkan dapat memadai dan dapat menghasilkan produk ikan yang siap jual kemasyarakat dan jika memungkinkan dapat mengekspor keluar negeri maka perlu untuk mendesain kapal yang moderen dalam pembuatan kapal. Pembuatan kapal secara tradisional biasanya tidak didasari pada perencanaan yang jelas sehingga dalam pembuatannya selalu ada perubahan karakteristik pada bentuk kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi disain serta menghitung besar nilai rasio ukuran utama kapal perikanan tipe Pole and line di PPN Ternate. Metode pengambilan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan melakukan pengukuran langsung terhadap seluruh ukuran-ukuran utama kapal Pole and line, wawancara dengan nakhoda dan ABK kapal untuk pengambilan data motor penggerak dan pompa mengail serta hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Kapal ikan tipe pole and leni yang berpangkalan di PPN Ternate ada beberapa suda memenuhi standar nilai rasio kapal, L/D pada kapal KM. Inka Mina 287 dan KM. Mina Maritim 0.34 sudah memenuhi standar dengan rasio perbandingan masing-masing adalah 10 dan 10.76. dan ada yang belum memenuhi standar nilai rasio kapal KM. Firgo 3, KM.. Inka Mina 522 dan KM. Karpoto dengan nilai masing-masing, 8.231, 8.667 dan 7.931. Nilai koefisien block (Cb) dan koefisien gading tengah (Cm) masing-masing nilai 0.67- 070 dari kapal sampel di PPN Ternate sudah sesuai dengan standar nilai yang ideal dan digolongkan dalam kapal dengan bentuk lambung yang kurus atau fine type.
Dispositif d’évaluation de la douleur aiguë : ECERDA Measso, Sabrina; Milojevic, Kolia; Galinski, Michel ...
Médecine de catastrophe, urgences collectives,
March 2021, 2021-03-00, Letnik:
5, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Dépister, reconnaître et mesurer la douleur s’inscrivent dans les premières étapes de toute démarche de prise en charge médicale. En pratique clinique, l’évaluation de la douleur est multimodale et ...repose sur l’expression du patient verbale et non verbale, comportementale. L’analyse du comportement est donc essentielle en particulier dans les situations où les méthodes d’autoévaluations sont inapplicables (patients incapables de s’exprimer verbalement, barrière linguistique, sidération post traumatique, etc.). Une échelle comportementale d’évaluation rapide de la douleur aiguë (ECERDA) a été mise au point : il s’agit d’un score multiparamétrique composé d’indicateurs comportementaux, en rubriques restreintes, permettant une cotation rapide et décimale, reproductible, bien corrélé aux scores déjà validés (EVA et EN) permettant le suivi d’un traitement antalgique. La faisabilité clinique de l’ECERDA a été testée en situation réelle en 2005 lors du séisme au Pakistan. Une étude multicentrique, prospective, validée par un Comité de protection des personnes (CPP), réalisée entre 2008 et 2014 a comparé l’ECERDA aux échelles de référence en situation de médecine d’urgence, EVA et EN chez l’adulte, EVA, échelle des visages et EVENDOL chez l’enfant, DAN, EDIN, CB chez le nouveau-né et le nourrisson. Les critères de jugements étaient la fiabilité, la cohérence, la sensibilité aux évolutions et la reproductibilité. Entre 2008 et 2014 sur neuf sites (SMUR adulte et pédiatrique, SAU adulte et pédiatrique, SSPI, équipe mobile de soins palliatifs) 1782 patients ont été inclus dont 225 enfants et 157 nouveaux nés et nourrissons, et 6542 cotations réalisées. La corrélation avec les échelles de référence est de 85 % pour les adultes et 92 % chez les enfants avec une concordance de reproductibilité interopérateurs de 94 %. La facilité de compréhension de l’outil, la courte courbe d’apprentissage, jointe aux performances montrent que l’ECERDA est un outil d’évaluation de la douleur fiable, simple, rapide et facile à utiliser en alternative aux échelles de référence, en particulier pour les patients dans l’incapacité de communiquer. Cet outil apparait donc approprié aux prises en charge en situation de médecine de catastrophe.
Pain screening, pain recognition and pain rating are first steps of optimal management of patients. In clinical practice pain assessment should be multidimensional including both verbal and non verbal, behavioural self reporting. So behavioural observation is essential particularly when self reporting pain scales are not appropriate such as non verbal and cognitively impaired patients, post traumatic stressed patients or caring through cultural boundaries. ECERDA (Echelle Comportementale d’Evaluation Rapide de la Douleur Aiguë) a behavioural scale for acute pain has been developed as a multidimensional scale using different behavioral indicators from a reduced number of items allowing a rapid decimal rating with good inter rater reliability and correlation to yet validated pain scales (VAS, VNS, FPS, EVENDOL, DAN, EDIN, CB for neonates and babies). End points were reliability, correlation, response and variability to treatment. From 2008 through 2014 a multicenter study included 1 782 patients of whom 225 children and 157 neonates and babies for 6 542 ratings over nine different centers including adults and pediatrics emergency departments and mobile care units. Correlation with yet validated scales was 85% for adults and 92% for children with 94% inter rater reliability. ECERDA appears as easy, brief to learn, administer and score. ECERDA is a good and performing tool for pain assessment especialy for non verbal communicating patients. ECERDA is really appropriate in disaster medecine.
Anabolic agents such clenbuterol (Cb) are useful tools for probing the mechanisms by which muscles respond to disuse. Cb was examined under different loading conditions with respect to its effects on ...muscle mass, protein (myofibrillar and cytosolic), and spermidine content in mature male rats. Compared with control treatment, Cb significantly increased loaded and unloaded soleus, plantaris, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) mass. Likewise, Cb significantly increased loaded and unloaded soleus (24.8 and 21.6%, respectively), plantaris (12.1 and 22.9%, respectively), and EDL (22.4 and 13.3%, respectively) myofibrillar protein content. After unloading, cytosolic proteins significantly increased in the EDL but decreased in the soleus and plantaris. Cb significantly increased cytosolic protein levels in all loaded muscles, while only causing increases in unloaded soleus. When compared with controls, unloading caused significant reductions in spermidine levels in the soleus (40.4%) and plantaris (35.9%) but caused increases in the EDL (54.8%). In contrast, Cb increased spermidine levels in unloaded soleus (42.9%), plantaris (102.8%), and EDL (287%). In loaded muscles, Cb increased spermidine levels in all three muscles, but to a lesser degree than under unloading conditions. Nonlinear regression analyses indicated that the plantaris behaves like a slow-twitch muscle under unloading conditions and like a fast-twitch muscle when loaded. This suggests that the responses of these muscles to unloading and (or) Cb treatment might be influenced by factors beyond fiber type alone.Key words: microgravity, skeletal muscle atrophy, nonlinear regression, clenbuterol, polyamines.
The National Institutes of Health Toolbox-Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is a tablet-based cognitive assessment intended for individuals with neurological diseases of all ages. NIHTB-CB practice ...effects (PEs), however, need clarification if this measure is used to track longitudinal change. We explored the test–retest PEs on NIHTB-CB performance at 3 months in young healthy adults (n = 22). We examined corrected T-scores normalized for demographic factors and calculated PEs using Cohen’s d. There were significant PEs for all NIHTB-CB composite scores and on 4/7 subtests. This work suggests the need to further assess NIHTB-CB PEs as this may affect the interpretation of study results incorporating this battery.
One of the most important issues in the scientific literature on sports is that of the competitive balance (CB for short). In this paper we present a new index, named the surprise index, with which ...to measure the CB. It shows that the French “Championnat” football is quite well balanced. The surprise index has several comparative advantages vis-à-vis more conventional indices of CB. Firstly, it can easily be used to compare leagues over time, between different countries and even between different sports. Secondly, it enables us to say something about the optimal number of teams in a league. These advantages arise because of the way the CB is measured by the surprise index compared to more familiar CB-indices like the standard deviation or the concentration ratio. Whereas the latter only use the statistics of the final league table at the end of the season, the surprise index makes use of much more detailed information. The results of all matches within a competition enter into the formula. Moreover, it gives a relatively high weight to surprising outcomes within the league competition, whereas the salienty of these matches is lost when computing the standard deviation or the concentration ratio.
Un des sujets les plus importants dans la littérature des sports est celui du bilan des compétitions (CB). Dans cet article nous présenterons un nouvel index que nous appellerons l’index de surprise. L’index de surprise se distingue des indicateurs du BC, plus conventionnels, par plusieurs avantages. D ’abord, il permet de comparer des compétitions dans le temps et dans des sports et pays différents. Ensuite, il nous permet de calculer le nombre optimal des équipes participant à une compétition. En comparaison avec les indicateurs du BC plus conventionnels, l’index de surprise se fonde sur plus d’informations et, par ailleurs, comptabilise des scores surprenants.
Groot Jan,Groot Loek. The competitive balance of French football, 1945-2002 . In: Économie appliquée, tome 56 n°4, Décembre 2003. pp. 91-113.
We prove that the set of all
d -dimensional subspaces of preduals of von Neumann algebras is compact in the topology given by the cb-distance.
On démontre que, pour chaque
d , l'ensemble des ...sous-espaces de dimension
d des préduaux d'algèbres de von Neumann est compact dans la topologie associée à la distance-cb.
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