This study evaluated the effect of an “Urban Productive Safety Net Programme (UPSNP)” on food insecurity of urban households in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia. In March 2020, data were collected from a total of 398 urban households. To assess the households' food insecurity level and evaluate the effect of UPSNP on households' food insecurity Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) and Propensity-Score Matching (PSM) techniques were employed, respectively. The FGT regression results indicated that the food insecurity level of UPSNP participating households was 22%, while that of the non-participating households was 36%. The UPSNP has a beneficial impact on UPSNP participants' consumption spending. Furthermore, the results revealed the programme's considerable effect on programme beneficiary households' income earnings. Thus, the UPSNP aided in maintaining vulnerable and poor urban households to sustain enough food intake while also increasing their food security.