Gives a comprehensive history of the origins & development of 20th-century reproductive sciences in biology, medicine, & animal reproduction, highlighting the interactions of science & society & cultural tensions surrounding reproductive issues. The terms & components of reproductive science are outlined, & it is shown how physiological approaches to reproduction gave way to endocrinological approaches, producing advances & products in contraception, hormone therapy, & assisted conception. The interactions among scientists, major philanthropists, & advocates for feminism, medical birth control, & eugenics that produced these advances & raised the profile of the reproductive sciences & increased their funding are analyzed. The accompanying social changes regarding reproductive issues & technologies that enabled society to rationalize reproduction & control life are described. Controversies over this control & the view of reproductive research as an illegitimate science are discussed. Analysis is geared toward enabling diverse groups & interests involved in reproductive issues to reach informed & useful solutions to complicated, controversial problems. A Preface accompanies 9 Chpts in IV PARTS & Notes. 11 Tables, 6 Figures, 2 Appendixes. T. Arnold