Offshore structures are prone to produce a dynamic response under the effect of large wave load. In this paper, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics coupled with finite element (SPH-FE) method is used to investigate the dynamic characteristics of structure induced by the water waves. The dam break model is assumed to generate water wave. Firstly, the parameter of particle spacing included in the SPH method is examined and the appropriate value is proposed. Subsequently, the present numerical model is validated by comparing with the available results from the literature. Furthermore, the influence of several parameters on the wave load of the structure and the induced dynamic characteristics is studied, including the water column height, the distance between the water column and structure, and the structure stiffness. The results show that the amplification of the wave load on the bottom of structure is greater than that on the upper part of the structure. The increase of structure stiffness results in a decrease in the displacement at the top of structure, but an increase in the hydrodynamic force at the bottom of structure.