A condition referred to as slimmer’s paralysis or peroneal nerve neuropathy can occur in patients following a rapid and significant weight reduction. This case study focuses on the presentation of a 49-year-old female who suffered from unilateral foot drop after an extreme weight loss over 6 months while taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist for obesity management. On the basis of history, physical examination, and diagnostic testing, she was diagnosed and treated conservatively for peroneal nerve compression related to the weight reduction and crossing of legs due to the loss of the fat pad surrounding the fibular nerve. •Slimmer’s paralysis, or peroneal neuropathy, is a mononeuropathy of the lower extremities resulting in foot drop, which can occur following rapid and significant weight loss.•Delay of diagnosis and treatment can result in permanent damage of the peroneal nerve.•Treatment is either conservative or surgical depending on the location and severity of peroneal nerve involvement.•The increased use of weight loss medications, bariatric surgery, and other extreme diet trends may lead to an increased incidence of peroneal nerve injury.•Providers should recognize peroneal nerve injury as a possible cause when unilateral foot drop is seen in a patient.