Redox chemistry provides the fundamental basis for numerous energy-related electrochemical devices, among which are electrolysers,fuel cells and batteries. Throughout its history, Li-ion battery technology (LIB)has relied on cationic redox reactionsas the primary source of energy storage capacity. This is no longer true with the recent discovery of Li-driven reversible formation of (O2)n species in new layered oxides that have led to staggering increases in energy storage capacity. Such ndings could oer a transformative approach to creating advanced energy materials, not only for lithium storage but also for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as both involve (OO) bond formation. The exploration of these new opportunities calls for a better understanding and rationalization of the science underpinning anionic redox activity.In this Commentary, we aim to raise the energy communitys awareness of the benets that this new vision could bringto materials design for energy storage and conversion applications.