Vibration procedures significantly affect the performances of cement-based materials. However, studies on the distribution of certain particles within cement-based materials are limited due to the complexity and difficulty of identifying each specific particle. This paper presents a new method for simulating and quantifying the movements of particles within cement paste through the use of "tagged materials". By separating the tagged particles from the cement paste after vibration, the distribution of the particles in the cement paste can be calculated statistically. The effect of the vibration time and frequency, fresh behavior, and powder characteristics of cement paste on particle motions are investigated. The results demonstrate that when the vibration exceeds 1800 s, it induces a significant uneven dispersion of microparticles. This effect is more pronounced at low viscosities (<1 Pa·s) of cement paste or high vibration frequencies (>200 Hz). Larger and denser particles exhibit greater dispersion. This method provides a valuable tool for investigating the theory of particle motion in cement paste, which is crucial for understanding the influence of vibration on the properties of cement-based materials.