Transplantation is the method of choice in the treatment of terminal liver diseases with acute and structural damage of liver tissue and congenital liver diseases. The aim of our study was to determine specificity and significance of vascular anastomosis in liver transplantation by postoperative evaluation of vascular anastomosis function. The study included 16 patients with 16 liver transplantations and one re-do liver transplantation. In all patients, preoperative angiography and postoperative duplex sonographic and angiographic evaluation of vascular anastomosis were performed. Preoperative angiographic evaluation did not reveal anomalies in liver blood vessels of transplant candidates. In one patient, we identified and angiographically confirmed stenosis on anastomosis of the hepatic artery on the 7th postoperative day. In another patient, we had artificial thrombosis of the hepatic artery branch due to the liver biopsy. The successful performance of vascular anastomosis in liver transplantation is significant for adequate liver graft perfusion, good postoperative graft function and overall outcome of the liver transplantation.