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  • Genomically Complex Human A...
    Kim, Jong Hyuk; Megquier, Kate; Thomas, Rachael; Sarver, Aaron L; Song, Jung Min; Kim, Yoon Tae; Cheng, Nuojin; Schulte, Ashley J; Linden, Michael A; Murugan, Paari; Oseth, LeAnn; Forster, Colleen L; Elvers, Ingegerd; Swofford, Ross; Turner-Maier, Jason; Karlsson, Elinor K; Breen, Matthew; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin; Modiano, Jaime F

    Molecular cancer research, 05/2021, Letnik: 19, Številka: 5
    Journal Article

    Sporadic angiosarcomas are aggressive vascular sarcomas whose rarity and genomic complexity present significant obstacles in deciphering the pathogenic significance of individual genetic alterations. Numerous fusion genes have been identified across multiple types of cancers, but their existence and significance remain unclear in sporadic angiosarcomas. In this study, we leveraged RNA-sequencing data from 13 human angiosarcomas and 76 spontaneous canine hemangiosarcomas to identify fusion genes associated with spontaneous vascular malignancies. Ten novel protein-coding fusion genes, including and , were identified in seven of the 13 human tumors, with two tumors showing mutations of . and mutations were found in angiosarcomas without fusions or mutations. We found 15 novel protein-coding fusion genes including , and in 11 of the 76 canine hemangiosarcomas; these fusion genes were seen exclusively in tumors of the angiogenic molecular subtype that contained recurrent mutations in , and . In particular, fusion genes and mutations of cooccurred in tumors with higher frequency than expected by random chance, and they enriched gene signatures predicting activation of angiogenic pathways. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of human angiosarcomas and canine hemangiosarcomas identified shared molecular signatures associated with activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Our data suggest that genome instability induced by mutations might create a predisposition for fusion events that may contribute to tumor progression by promoting selection and/or enhancing fitness through activation of convergent angiogenic pathways in this vascular malignancy. IMPLICATIONS: This study shows that, while drive events of malignant vasoformative tumors of humans and dogs include diverse mutations and stochastic rearrangements that create novel fusion genes, convergent transcriptional programs govern the highly conserved morphologic organization and biological behavior of these tumors in both species.