Previous review articles examining functional analysis research have noted an increase in the number of child participants featured across the assessment literature. It may be reasonable to conclude that the same pattern may be observed in the behavioral treatment literature, although a recent review examining participant and research patterns on this topic has not been conducted. The current report examined research trends and patterns across four prominent behavior analytic journals over the last 20 years. Child participants were featured more often (78%) compared to adult participants (22%). Other research trends in the articles featuring adult participants included a heavy reliance on functional analyses, and an emphasis on evaluating reinforcement-based interventions. Finally, we observed substantial subjectivity in participant descriptors (i.e., use of the term severe). We discuss the impact these patterns may have on the: (a) evidence-base regarding adult clinical services, (b) general implications, (c) potential contributing factors, and (d) possible solutions. We conclude with a call to action by researchers and clinicians to address existing gaps.