Background : Chemosensitivity tests have been a widely discussed research topic for many years. Our group performed the collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) in patients with advanced gastric cancer over the period from December 2012 to December 2017. By considering how the sensitivities to cisplatin (CDDP), docetaxel (DOC), paclitaxel (PTX), and CPT11 correlated with the clinical outcome, we sought mainly to verify how the CD-DST should be used.Methods : Patients with advanced gastric cancer underwent gastrectomy with lymph node dissection, and the surgical samples were retrospectively examined by the CD-DST to assess chemosensitivity in Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama hospital. The patients went on to receive postoperative adjuvant chemotherapies either as standard adjuvant therapies or chemotherapies.CD-DST test was not performed for S1 because S-1 is a key drug commonly used in chemotherapy for gastric cancer. While oxaliplatin has also become a key drug for advanced gastric cancer recently, it was still not adopted for gastric cancer in 2012 so CD-DST test was not performed.The χ2 test was used for all statistical analyses. A p-value of <0.05 was assumed to indicate statistical significance. 3-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to compare the obtained curves.Results : Seventy-seven percent (77/115) of the tumors derived from gastric cancer patients could be cultured in this study. The rate of sensitivity was 41% (30/73) for CDDP, 83% (57/69) for DOC, 83% (58/70) for PTX, and 49% (33/67) for CPT11. No correlation between CDDP sensitivity and outcome was observed in patients who underwent the CDDP. Likewise, the sensitivities to CDDP, DOC, PTX, and CPT11 were not found to be correlated with the various patient characteristics. Patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma tended to be sensitive to the CDDP (P=0.051).Conclusions : No difference between CDDP sensitivity or outcome was observed in the patients administered CDDP. The CD-DST demonstrated a high rate of sensitivity to DOC and PTX in the patients studied.