The object of our study is one of the types of toponyms oikonyms names of settlements/towns, which representin every language a specific group of words characterized by a close connection with the historical, everyday, and culturalheritage of a nation or country. In Czech, multi-word oikonyms with structures that include various prepositions (nad, pod,u, v) represent a productive and numerous group of toponyms, while in Russian there is only one model of multi-wordoikonyms (- on the river). Following the comparative aspect of the analysis, based on the data from themonolingual corpora of the Czech National Corpus and National Corpus of the Russian Language, we determined the fre-quency of use of multiword oikonyms with the preposition na in Czech and Russian. Then, using examples of data from thebilingual parallel corpora of the Czech National Corpus (InterCorp v15) and National Corpus of the Russian Language, weexamined the Russian translations of the oikonyms Lysá nad Labem and Kamýk nad Vltavou from the book Osudy dobréhovojáka vejka za svtové války with the preposition na.