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Schutte, Brian C.; Mitros, Joseph P.; Bartlett, Jennifer A.; Walters, Jesse D.; Jia, Hong Peng; Welsh, Michael J.; Casavant, Thomas L.; McCray, Paul B.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 02/2002, Letnik: 99, Številka: 4Journal Article
The innate immune system includes antimicrobial peptides that protect multicellular organisms from a diverse spectrum of microorganisms. β-Defensins comprise one important family of mammalian antimicrobial peptides. The annotation of the human genome fails to reveal the expected diversity, and a recent query of the draft sequence with the Blast search engine found only one new β-defensin gene (DEFB3). To define better the β-defensin gene family, we adopted a genomics approach that uses Hmmer, a computational search tool based on hidden Markov models, in combination with Blast. This strategy identified 28 new human and 43 new mouse β-defensin genes in five syntenic chromosomal regions. Within each syntenic cluster, the gene sequences and organization were similar, suggesting each cluster pair arose from a common ancestor and was retained because of conserved functions. Preliminary analysis indicates that at least 26 of the predicted genes are transcribed. These results demonstrate the value of a genomewide search strategy to identify genes with conserved structural motifs. Discovery of these genes represents a new starting point for exploring the role of β-defensins in innate immunity.
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