Oil sorbents play a very important part in the remediation processes of oil spills. To enhance the oil‐sorption properties and simplify the oil‐recovery process, various advanced oil sorbents and oil‐collecting devices based on them have been proposed recently. Here, we firstly discuss the design considerations for the fabrication of oil sorbents and describe recently developed oil sorbents based on modification strategy. Then, recent advances regarding oil sorbents mainly based on carbon materials and swellable oleophilic polymers are also presented. Subsequently, some additional properties are emphasized, which are required by oil sorbents to cope with oil spills under extreme conditions or to facilitate the oil‐collection processes. Furthermore, some oil‐collection devices based on oil sorbents that have been developed recently are shown. Finally, an outlook and challenges for the next generation of oil‐spill‐remediation technology based on oil‐sorbents materials are given. Hydrophobic and oleophilic sorbent materials are demonstrated as promising candidates for the cleanup of oil spills. An overview of the latest developments and advances in the fabrication of oil sorbents through modification strategy, carbon‐based oil sorbents, and polymer‐based oil sorbents, as well as some smart oil sorbents and oil‐collecting devices based on oil‐sorbent materials are presented.