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Haroon, Mohammad; Bloks, Niek G.C.; Deldicque, Louise; Koppo, Katrien; Seddiqi, Hadi; Bakker, Astrid D.; Klein-Nulend, Jenneke; Jaspers, Richard T.
Experimental cell research, 08/2022, Letnik: 417, Številka: 1Journal Article
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are involved in muscle maintenance and regeneration. Mechanically loaded MuSCs within their native niche undergo tensile and shear deformations, but how MuSCs sense mechanical stimuli and translate these into biochemical signals regulating function and fate is still poorly understood. We aimed to investigate whether the glycocalyx is involved in the MuSC mechanoresponse, and whether MuSC morphology affects mechanical loading-induced pressure, shear stress, and fluid velocity distribution. FSS-induced deformation of active proliferating MuSCs (myoblasts) with intact or degraded glycocalyx was assessed by live-cell imaging. Glycocalyx-degradation did not significantly affect nitric oxide production, but reduced FSS-induced myoblast deformation and modulated gene expression. Finite-element analysis revealed that the distribution of FSS-induced pressure, shear stress, and fluid velocity on myoblasts was non-uniform, and the magnitude depended on myoblast morphology and apex-height. In conclusion, our results suggest that the glycocalyx does not play a role in NO production in myoblasts but might impact mechanotransduction and gene expression, which needs further investigation. Future studies will unravel the underlying mechanism by which the glycocalyx affects FSS-induced myoblast deformation, which might be related to increased drag forces. Moreover, MuSCs with varying apex-height experience different levels of FSS-induced pressure, shear stress, and fluid velocity, suggesting differential responsiveness to fluid shear forces. •The glycocalyx is involved in mechanotransduction by myoblasts.•The glycocalyx is involved in fluid shear stress-induced gene expression.•Nitric oxide production is independent of an intact glycocalyx in myoblasts.•MuSC apex-height determines fluid shear stress-induced shear stress distribution.
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