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  • DIRAS3 (ARHI) Blocks RAS/MA...
    Sutton, Margie N.; Lu, Zhen; Li, Yao-Cheng; Zhou, Yong; Huang, Tao; Reger, Albert S.; Hurwitz, Amy M.; Palzkill, Timothy; Logsdon, Craig; Liang, Xiaowen; Gray, Joe W.; Nan, Xiaolin; Hancock, John; Wahl, Geoffrey M.; Bast, Robert C.

    Cell reports (Cambridge), 12/2019, Letnik: 29, Številka: 11
    Journal Article

    Oncogenic RAS mutations drive cancers at many sites. Recent reports suggest that RAS dimerization, multimerization, and clustering correlate strongly with activation of RAS signaling. We have found that re-expression of DIRAS3, a RAS-related small GTPase tumor suppressor that is downregulated in multiple cancers, inhibits RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling by interacting directly with RAS-forming heteromers, disrupting RAS clustering, inhibiting Raf kinase activation, and inhibiting transformation and growth of cancer cells and xenografts. Disruption of K-RAS cluster formation requires the N terminus of DIRAS3 and interaction of both DIRAS3 and K-RAS with the plasma membrane. Interaction of DIRAS3 with both K-RAS and H-RAS suggests a strategy for inhibiting oncogenic RAS function. Display omitted •Re-expression of DIRAS3 (ARHI) inhibits ovarian, lung, and pancreatic cancer growth•DIRAS3 (ARHI) interacts directly with RAS at the plasma membrane•Re-expression of DIRAS3 inhibits RAS clustering and downstream MAPK signaling•The N-terminal extension of DIRAS3 is required for its tumor-suppressive function Sutton et. al. show that re-expression of DIRAS3 can inhibit the growth of multiple cancer types driven by K-RAS mutations by a direct interaction and disruption of K-RAS higher ordered clusters. This phenotype is driven by an N-terminal extension, which distinguishes DIRAS3 from other RAS-related small GTPases.