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  • Long-Range Kinetic Effects ...
    Boadi, Francis O.; Sampson, Nicole S.

    ACS Organic & Inorganic Au, 08/2023, Letnik: 3, Številka: 4
    Journal Article

    We report an investigation of rates of ruthenium-catalyzed alternating ring opening metathesis (AROM) of cyclohexene with two different Ru-cyclohexylidene carbenes derived from bicyclo4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamides (A monomer) that bear different side chains. These monomers are propylbicyclo4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide and N-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)­ethanylbicyclo­4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide. The amide substitution of these monomers directly affects both the rate of the bicyclo4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide ring opening and the rate of reaction of the resulting carbene with cyclohexene (B monomer). The resulting Ru-cyclohexylidenes underwent reversible ring opening metathesis with cyclohexene. However, the thermodynamic equilibrium disfavored cyclohexene ring opening. Utilization of triphenylphosphine forms a more stable PPh3 ligated complex, which suppresses the reverse ring closing reaction and allowed direct measurements of the forward rate constants for formation of various A-B and A-B-A′ complexes through carbene-catalyzed ring-opening metathesis and thus gradient polymer structure-determining steps. The relative rate of the propylbicyclo4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide ring opening is 3-fold faster than that of the N-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)­ethanylbicyclo­4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide. In addition, the rate of cyclohexene ring-opening catalyzed by the propyl bicyclooctene is 1.4 times faster than when catalyzed by the ethoxyethoxy bicyclooctene. Also, the subsequent rates of bicyclo4.2.0­oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide ring opening by propyl-based Ru-hexylidene are 1.6-fold faster than ethoxyethoxy-based Ru-hexylidene. Incorporation of the rate constants into reactivity ratios of bicyclo4.2.0­amide-cyclohexene provides prediction of copolymerization kinetics and gradient copolymer structures.