•New ecological indicator values and trait values developed for all Swedish plants.•Indicator values for autecological requirements.•Indicator values for habitat management, biodiversity relevance and conservation.•Indicator values for reproductive traits.•Applicable to studies of vegetation changes at all temporal and spatial scales. We introduce and provide a new data-set of species-specific ecological indicator values (alternative ‘Ellenberg values’ for climatic variables, light, moisture, soil reaction/pH, salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus plus response to management and disturbance), physiological and reproductive traits (including symbionts, phenology, pollinators, nectar production, seed properties), indices of relevance for conservation (including introduction history and biodiversity relevance), and presence in 38 main vegetation types for all vascular plant species of Sweden based on a broad survey of published and unpublished data. The potential uses and limitations of the values, traits and indices are briefly outlined and discussed.