We present high-resolution maps of stars, dust, and molecular gas in a strongly lensed submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 3.259. HATLAS J114637.9-001132 is selected from the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) as a strong lens candidate mainly based on its unusually high 500 mu m flux density (~300 mJy). It is the only high-redshift Planck detection in the 130 deg super(2) H-ATLAS Phase-I area. Keck Adaptive Optics images reveal a quadruply imaged galaxy in the K band while the Submillimeter Array and the Jansky Very Large Array show doubly imaged 880 mu m and CO(1 arrow right 0) sources, indicating differentiated distributions of the various components in the galaxy. In the source plane, the stars reside in three major kpc-scale clumps extended over ~1.6 kpc, the dust in a compact (~1 kpc) region ~3 kpc north of the stars, and the cold molecular gas in an extended (~7 kpc) disk ~5 kpc northeast of the stars. The emissions from the stars, dust, and gas are magnified by ~17, ~8, and ~7 times, respectively, by four lensing galaxies at z ~ 1. Intrinsically, the lensed galaxy is a warm (T sub(dust) ~ 40-65 K), hyper-luminous (L sub(IR) ~ 1.7 x 10 super(13) L sub(middot in circle); star formation rate (SFR) ~ 2000 M sub(middot in circle) yr super(-1)), gas-rich (M sub(gas)/M sub(baryon) ~ 70%), young (M sub(stellar)/SFR ~ 20 Myr), and short-lived (M sub(gas)/SFR ~ 40 Myr) starburst. With physical properties similar tounlensed z > 2 SMGs, HATLAS J114637.9-001132 offers a detailed view of a typical SMG through a powerful cosmic microscope.