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Maggiorella, Maria Teresa; Sanarico, Nunzia; Brindicci, Gaetano; Monno, Laura; Santoro, Carmen Rita; Coppola, Nicola; Cuomo, Nunzia; Azzurri, Annalisa; Cesario, Francesco; Luciani, Filippo; El-Hamad, Issa; D'Ettorre, Gabriella; Turriziani, Ombretta; Mazzuti, Laura; Poggi, Alessandra; Vichi, Francesca; Mariabelli, Elisa; Surace, Lorenzo; Berardelli, Giuseppina; Picconi, Orietta; Cenci, Alessandra; Sernicola, Leonardo; Rovetto, Claudia; Fulgenzi, Domenico; Belli, Roberto; Salvi, Emanuela; Zeo, Patrizia Di; Borsetti, Alessandra; Ridolfi, Barbara; Losappio, Ruggero; Zoboli, Fabio; Schietroma, Ivan; Cella, Eleonora; Angeletti, Silvia; Ciccozzi, Massimo; D'Amato, Stefania; Ensoli, Barbara; Buttò, Stefano
Scientific reports, 02/2020, Letnik: 10, Številka: 1Journal Article
The proportion of new diagnoses of HIV infection in immigrants residing in Italy raised from 11% in 1992 to 29.7% in 2018. To investigate the HIV clades circulating in this community a retrospective study was performed in 557 HIV-infected immigrants living in 12 Italian cities. Immigrants originated from East-Europe and Central-Asia (11.7%), North Africa and Middle East (7.3%), South and South-East Asia (7.2%), Latin America and the Caribbean (14.4%), and sub-Saharan Africa (59.4%). More than 87% of immigrants were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), although 26.6% of them were viremic. A 22.0% of immigrants had hepatitis (HBV and/or HCV) and/or tuberculosis. HIV phylogenetic analysis on sequences from 192 immigrants showed the presence of clades B (23.4%), G (16.1%), C (10.4%), A1 (9.4%), F1 (5.2%), D (1.6%) and Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) (33.9%). CRF02_AG represented 72.3% of the total CRFs. Clusters between immigrants and Italian natives were also present. Drug resistance mutations to NRTI, NNRTI, and PI drug classes occurred in 29.1% of ART-treated and in 12.9% of ART-naïve individuals. These data highlight the need for tailored public health interventions in immigrants to avoid spreading in Italy of HIV genetic forms and ART-resistant variants, as well as HIV co-morbidities.
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