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Hestrin, Rachel; Torres-Rojas, Dorisel; Dynes, James J; Hook, James M; Regier, Tom Z; Gillespie, Adam W; Smernik, Ronald J; Lehmann, Johannes
Nature communications, 02/2019, Letnik: 10, Številka: 1Journal Article
Fire-derived organic matter, often referred to as pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), is present in the Earth's soil, sediment, atmosphere, and water. We investigated interactions of PyOM with ammonia (NH ) gas, which makes up much of the Earth's reactive nitrogen (N) pool. Here we show that PyOM's NH retention capacity under ambient conditions can exceed 180 mg N g PyOM-carbon, resulting in a material with a higher N content than any unprocessed plant material and most animal manures. As PyOM is weathered, NH retention increases sixfold, with more than half of the N retained through chemisorption rather than physisorption. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal that a variety of covalent bonds form between NH -N and PyOM, more than 10% of which contained heterocyclic structures. We estimate that through these mechanisms soil PyOM stocks could retain more than 600-fold annual NH emissions from agriculture, exerting an important control on global N cycling.
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