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  • Difluoromethylation of (het...
    Xu, Chang; Guo, Wen-Hao; He, Xu; Guo, Yin-Long; Zhang, Xue-Ying; Zhang, Xingang

    Nature communications, 03/2018, Letnik: 9, Številka: 1
    Journal Article

    Relatively low reactivity hinders using chlorodifluoromethane (ClCF H) for general difluoromethylation with organic molecules, despite its availability as an inexpensive industrial chemical. To date, transformations of ClCF H are very limited and most of them involve difluorocarbene intermediate. Here, we describe a strategy for difluoromethylation of aromatics through nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of ClCF H with readily accessible (hetero)aryl chlorides. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions with high efficiency and features synthetic simplicity without preformation of arylmetals and broad substrate scope, including a variety of heteroaromatics and commercially available pharmaceuticals. The reliable practicability and scalability of the current nickel-catalyzed process has also been demonstrated by several 10-g scale reactions without loss of reaction efficiency. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the reaction starts from the oxidative addition of aryl chlorides to Ni(0) and a difluoromethyl radical is involved in the reaction, providing a route for applications of ClCF H in organic synthesis and related chemistry.