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Faverio, Paola; Stainer, Anna; Bonaiti, Giulia; Zucchetti, Stefano C; Simonetta, Edoardo; Lapadula, Giuseppe; Marruchella, Almerico; Gori, Andrea; Blasi, Francesco; Codecasa, Luigi; Pesci, Alberto; Chalmers, James D; Loebinger, Michael R; Aliberti, Stefano
International journal of molecular sciences, 11/2016, Letnik: 17, Številka: 11Journal Article
Chronic airway infection is a key aspect of the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. A growing interest has been raised on non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. We aimed at describing the clinical characteristics, diagnostic process, therapeutic options and outcomes of bronchiectasis patients with pulmonary NTM (pNTM) disease. This was a prospective, observational study enrolling 261 adult bronchiectasis patients during the stable state at the San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy, from 2012 to 2015. Three groups were identified: pNTM disease; chronic infection; chronic infection due to bacteria other than . NTM were isolated in 32 (12%) patients, and among them, a diagnosis of pNTM disease was reached in 23 cases. When compared to chronic infection, patients with pNTM were more likely to have cylindrical bronchiectasis and a "tree-in-bud" pattern, a history of weight loss, a lower disease severity and a lower number of pulmonary exacerbations. Among pNTM patients who started treatment, 68% showed a radiological improvement, and 37% achieved culture conversion without recurrence, while 21% showed NTM isolation recurrence. NTM isolation seems to be a frequent event in bronchiectasis patients, and few parameters might help to suspect NTM infection. Treatment indications and monitoring still remain an important area for future research.
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in: SICRIS
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