The present study focuses on the use of Luffa Cylindrica fibers as a reinforcing agent in a fluoroplastic (PTFE) polymer matrix and TiO2 nanoparticles as a photocatalytic agent with different mass fractions (%), for the purpose of the preparation and structural characterization of a new biocomposite material. The granulometry and zeta potential were measured using dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry respectively. Structural and vibrational properties of the PTFE/TiO2/LC fibers composites were characterized by micro-Raman spectroscopy in oblique backscattering configuration and FTIR spectroscopy. Lastly, thermal properties were investigated using TGA and DSC. Further, the photocatalytic activity of samples was tested for the degradation of Methylene Blue dye (MB) in aqueous medium. •Please finds below the highlights of the submitted work:•New biocomposite based on PTFE (75%–65%), TiO2 (5%) and fibers of Luffa Cylindrica (25%–35%).•Biocomposite with 25% of Luffa Cylindrica outperforms others in term of electrostatic stabilization.•Raman-spectra analysis highlights the presence of the anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 in all samples.•TGA and DSC analysis points out that over 30% of LC fibers in the sample is unfavorable regarding thermal degradation.