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The challenges to predict and assess flammability of materials intended for use in microgravity environments a case study of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane sheets : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor in philosophy to The University of Edinburgh
Rojas Alva, Wilson Ulises
Spacecraft fire safety is an important operational aspect of spacecraft, but also a fundamental aspect of how materials burnt in microgravity conditions. On spacecraft, the main fire safety strategy ...relies on selecting materials that are less flammable. There are methods and standards put in place that rate materials based on their performance to a prescribed energy. However, those methods are based in normal gravity environments and do not reflect how materials burnt in microgravity conditions. Therefore, there is a need to improve the current understanding of the fire behaviour of solid materials for spacecraft applications. Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) are silicone-based products used for many applications across several industries, including on spacecraft. A recent experiment in microgravity showed that PDMS membranes did not burn in microgravity. A series of experiments in normal-gravity conditions were conducted to elucidate the fire behaviour of PDMS in microgravity conditions. It was found that the fire behaviour of PDMS is far more complex than anticipated. As the membranes are burning, silica-ash, a combustion by-product is generated. Silica-ash is transported and can deposit on the sample surface inhibiting further burning. In addition, as the PDMS burns, silica is left behind, and the amount of silica residue left depends on the intensity of the heat from the flame. All of these processes are affected in different ways by the environmental conditions found on spacecraft (oxygen concentration, forced flow and ambient pressure). The PDMS was found to be less flammable than other common thermoplastics used in daily life (such as acrylic). The formation of silica-ash during the combustion process also helps to reduce flammability. Thus, PDMS and other silicone or siloxane materials could be safer in environmental conditions. Siloxanes, as coatings or fillers, could help in improving the thermal response and flammability behaviour on other materials intended for spacecraft applications.
Type of material - dissertation
; adult, serious
Publication and manufacture - Edinburgh : [R.-A.. Ulises], 2021
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