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Greening a process by using NLP model optimization [Elektronski vir]
Kovač Kralj, Anita ; Glavič, Peter
All countries are trying to reduce their primary energy demand and CO2 emissions. The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has to be stabilized, requiring a reduction in current emission rates. Any ...opportunities for emission reduction and CO2 reuse largely depend on the existing plant and energy systems. Existing plants will be modified to a green process as a means of promoting eco-friendly manufacturing. Green process activities are continuous efforts to re-examine the processes in a product manufacturing line to reduce the environmental burden imposed in such areas as materials input, CO2 emission reduction, by cleaner production, resource and energy recycling. CO2 can be separated from the outlet stream (purge gas) and from flue gas by a membrane or absorption system (absorber and regenerator) or adsorption system and reused as reactant in a reactor system. Therefore, product yield can be increased and CO2 emissions reduced, simultaneously. CO2 emissions can be reduced at source. In this paper CO2 reuse in a methanol process, in which electricity can be generated using an open gas turbine, followed by a separator was studied. Simultaneous optimization of a process structure and its parameters using nonlinear programming (NLP) promises an additional annual profit, influenced by reusing the flow rate of CO2. The retrofitted process is to be operated within the existing parameters. In the methanol process as a case study, the CO2 emission flow rate can be reduced by 12 800 t/a. The additional electricity cogeneration and additional flow rates of the raw material could generate an additional profit of 3,06 MEUR/a.
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