In this paper we used Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to study the chemical reactivity of 1, 5 and 20 wt.% of ...ZDDP additive in mineral oil onto steel surface and different diamond-like carbon coatings (DLC and Si-DLC), at different temperatures (20, 80 and 150 °C). Our results clearly show that chemical reaction of the ZDDP and DLC happens only at 150 ° C, where the adsorbed layers consist of the same chemical products irrespective of the ZDDP concentration used. The results show that, on the three surfaces, the structure of the ZDDP thermal film consist of identical groups of pyrophosphate and zinc oxide, while sulphuric groups are dissimilar. On steel surface, the sulphuric part consists of a mixture of organic sulphide and sulphohydryl groups, but on DLC and Si-DLC only organic sulphide groups are found but not sulphohydryl groups. In addition, XPS results show that the reactivity of the ZDDP is higher on steel surface (~ 60 nm for 20 wt% ZDDP) than DLC coatings (~ 36 nm for 20 wt% ZDDP). Based on these findings, three different models (one for each surface) for the empirical mechanisms of the ZDDP thermal film formation has been proposed. It has to be noted that the reaction mechanism between ZDDP and DLC surfaces is still greatly missing in the available literature.
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