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  • Artificial intelligence adoption and organisational transformation for smart public institutions [Elektronski vir]
    Murko, Eva, 1993- ; Tomaževič, Nina, 1973-
    Driven by experiences from the private sector, public institutions have also started adopting various artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in numerous subsectors, e.g. healthcare, law ... enforcement, defence, public finance (taxation), education, social services, transport, and infrastructure engineering. Adopting new technologies requires the transformation of the organisation in both hard (structure, processes, etc.) and soft aspects (people, organisational culture etc.). Namely, the barriers to the new technologies’ adoption are usually not the technologies themselves but the enablers influencing AI adoption, such as the organisational, technological infrastructure, individual aspects etc. To exploit the full potential of AI in the public sector, the main objective of the study, presented in a paper, was to systematically and holistically analyse state-of-the-art in the field of AI adoption in public institutions and related organisational changes. The purpose of the study was to design a set of recommendations for decision-makers (policymakers and public managers) as well as for public employees when implementing the processes of AI adoption - to be as effective and efficient as possible. The study was designed as a systematic literature review using the PRISMA protocol. The results show that previous studies on AI adoption in public institutions detected many enablers, barriers and benefits of AI adoption related to the organisational elements, such as people/employees, structure, culture, technology and processes and that the influence can be seen in both ways – on the one hand, the organisational elements being the enablers for effective and efficient AI adoption, and on the other hand, new technologies, such as AI, being the disruptors of old ways of work and relationships. The enablers and the solutions to the barriers listed in the paper can be used as useful guidelines for decision-makers and implementers of AI at all public institutions’ levels. Points for Practitioners The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector has the potential to provide numerous benefits and public value to citizens. Scholars have already highlighted the potential value of AI for public service delivery and decreased bureaucracy. To gain insight into the state-of-the-art of AI adoption in public institutions, our study focused on organisational elements and their changes before/during/after AI adoption. Each organisational element (people, culture, structure, processes, etc.) either enables AI adoption or can be positively affected by the new technology. The findings reveal that to avoid numerous barriers when adopting AI, the complexity of AI adoption projects must be considered seriously, and these projects have to be carefully managed. Adopting AI in public institutions is much more than simply implementing new technologies. Not purely technological, but organisational elements dominate public innovation initiatives, such as AI. Thus, practitioners should systematically and holistically plan, organise, lead, and control AI adoption in public institutions. The results of the survey may serve as useful guidelines for decision-makers (policymakers and managers) end employees in different types of public institutions when introducing new disruptive technologies, such as AI, and when formulating policies, regulations, strategies, and tactics for public institutions’ adoption of AI. Moreover, public and private sector stakeholders will have to act as partners in the responsible use of new technologies and value (co)creation and risk sharing to ensure increased businesses’ success and citizens’ well-being. On the other hand, the main obstacles to effective and efficient digital transformation for private sector entities are non-digitalised public services and slow changes in regulatory frameworks. Therefore, public institutions must enter digital transformation and, in hand with the private sector, not only follow the trends in private businesses but also support them with digital infrastructure (services) and regulation.
    Source: The future of public administration enabled through emerging technologies [Elektronski vir] : 31th NISPAcee Annual Conference, May 25-27, 2023, Belgrade, Serbia : e-proceedings ([12] str.)
    Type of material - conference contribution ; adult, serious
    Publish date - 2023
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 160787459

    Link(s):

    https://www.nispa.org/files/conferences/2023/e-proceedings/system_files/papers/NISPAcee_2023_FINAL_PROCEEDINGS.pdf

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