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  • Influence of nanosized delivery systems with benzyl nicotinate and penetration enhancers on skin oxygenation
    Abramović, Zrinka ...
    Many novel nanosized delivery systems have been designed for topical application of drugs since they can overcome the skin barrier and improve drugbioavailability. The increased absorption is often a ... consequence of a reversibly disrupted barrier function of the skin by the vehicle itself or by specific ingredients that act as penetration enhancers. This paper reports theeffects of two nanosized systems (microemulsion and liposomes), in the presence and absence of penetration enhancers (PE), on the topical delivery ofa lipophilic drug in vivo and compares that to classical hydrogel formulation. A vasodilator benzyl nicotinate (BN), which increases the blood flow of the skin, was incorporated into the formulations, and skin oxygenationwas followed by electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry. It was found that microemulsions and liposomes (with or without PE) accelerate the rate of BN action when compared to hydrogel. However, incorporation of PE in microemulsion also improves the effectiveness of BN action. To understand why PE enhances the action of BN, its effect on the structure of the stratum corneum was investigated in vitro. The increased fluidity of the stratum corneum lipids provides an explanation for the greater penetration of BN into the skin when the drug and PE are together incorporated into the appropriate formulation.
    Source: International journal of pharmaceutics. - ISSN 0378-5173 (Vol. 359, no. 1-2, 2008, str. 220-227)
    Type of material - article, component part
    Publish date - 2008
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 2341489

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