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Effects of PCBs on tooth enamel development
Jan, Janja ...
The potential impact of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on humans has been a concern for decades due to their widespread distribution, persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in animal studies. ...Developing tooth enamel is sensitive to a wide range of local and systemic disturbances. Because of the absolute metabolic stability of its structure, changes in enamel during its development are permanent in nature. PCBs have been shown to disturb tooth development in experimental animals, but only limited amounts of data exist ontheir adverse effects in humans. In this study we have aimed to evaluate theeffects of long-term exposure to PCBs on developmental enamel defects in children in eastern Slovakia. We examined 432 children aged eight to nine years. Developmental defects of enamel were assessed using the Developmental Defects of Enamel Index on buccal surfaces of permanent teeth. The data set from the PCBRISK project has provided information on various confounding factors and modifiers. Analyses of blood samples for PCBs were made by high-resolution gas chromatography using electron capture detection. The proportion of teeth affected with demarcated opacities and/or hypoplasia in the children in higher exposed groups was significantly higher (Kruskal Wallischi2 = 9.985; p = 0.007). The extent of the enamel defects was also greater in the higher exposed children (Kruskal Wallis chi2 = 10.714; p = 0.005). This study has demonstrated a dose-response relationship between PCB exposure and developmental dental defects in children. Further evaluation of the mechanism of this toxicity is needed.
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