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Physiology of the potato-Potato virus Y interaction
Kogovšek, Polona, 1978- ; Ravnikar, Maja
Many morphological, physiological, and phytochemical changes in plants are caused by biotic stress. Response of plants to various pathogenic microorganisms and pests is described at different levels: ...changed morphology of the plant and development of symptoms like lesions and necrosis; alterations in hormone concentrations; signaling molecules; secondary metabolism; pathogenesis-related proteins; and mRNA or gene expression. Due toits small size and therefore early description of the genome, Arabidopsis thaliana is a model plant in which metabolic processes are well described and constitutes a basis for research on other plants (Dardick et al. 2000; Pieterse et al. 2009; Simon et al. 2010; Wan et al. 2002). Nevertheless, plants from other families possess specific metabolic pathways not observed inthis model plant (e.g., tuberization is specific for potato), which gives urgency to research on a wider variety of plant families. There are only limited reports on the responses of potato plants, especially to virus infection. The availability of the potato genome sequence opens up the possibility of advancing the understanding of the physiology of potato response to virus infection. Interaction between potato plants and Potato virus Y (PVY), the most devastating potato virus, will be described, starting with the biological variability of PVY, available detection methods, viral movement, and its accumulation in plants. The response of potato plants to PVYinfection will be described, first the symptomsʼ development from differentpoints of view, from macroscopical to cytological, and second the main metabolic pathways involved in response to infection. Alterations in photosynthesis, hormonal pathways, defense and signaling mechanisms, and otherpathways will be demonstrated. The most important methods enabling disclosure of potato response mechanisms and pathways will be described.
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